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Ahląuist, August E. (1826-1889), Finnish Finno-Ugricist.
Ascoli, Graziadio I. (1829-1907), Italian Indo-Europeanist, Semiticist, Romance scholar; formulated “substratum” theory.
Appel, Karol J. (1857-1930), Polish general linguist, associated with B. d. C.
Bang-Kaup, Willy K. (1869-1934), Belgian philologist (Modern English) and Turkologist.
Baranauskas (Baranovskij), Bishop Antanas (1835-1902), Lithuanian grammarian and dialectologist.
Becker, Karl F. (1775-1849), German philologist and champion of “logical” approach to language.
Benfey, Theodor (1809-1881), German Orientalist, Indo-Europeanist, and historian of linguistics.
Benloew, Louis (1819-1901), French classicist and comparative linguist; author of Aperęu général de la seience comparative des langues, 1872.
Bielenstein, August J. G. (1826-1907), Latvian pastor, linguist, and ethnographer.
Biondelli, Bernardino (1804-1886), Italian Romance linguist.
Bogorodickij, Vasilij A. (1857-1941), Russian linguist and phonetician; pupil of B. d. C. in Kazan’ period.
Böhtlingk, Otto (1815-1904), German Sanskritist; co-author (with R. Roth) of seven-volume Sanskrit dietionary.
Bollack, Léon M. (b. 1859), French industrialist; inventor of la langue bleue.
Bonaparte, Lucien L., French linguist and ethnographer; Basque specialist.
Bopp, Franz (1791-1867), German Indo-Europeanist; founder (with Rask and Grimm) of the comparative method.
Brandt, Roman (1853-1902), Russian Slavic linguist, mostly comparativist.
Bréal, Michel (1832-1915), French linguist; pioneer in historical semantics.
Broch, Olaf (1867-1961), Norwegian Slavicist, phonetician and dialectologist.
Brugmann, Karl (1849-1919), German Indo-Europeanist, leading representative of the Neogrammarians.
Budenz, Joszef (1836-1892), Hungarian Finno-Ugricist.
Budmani, Petar (1835-1914), Croatian Slavicist, specialist in Serbo-Croatian.
Castrén, M. Alexander (1813-1852), Finnish Finno-Ugricist.
Čerepanov, S. I. (1810-1884), Russian ethnographer; described Kjaxta dialect (Chinese-Russian creole).
Chavée, Honoré J. (1815-1877), Belgian Indo-Europeanist.
Curtius, Georg (1820-1885), German classicist and Indo-Europeanist.
Dal׳, Vladimir I. (1801-1872), Russian ethnographer and lexicographer; compiler of seven-volume dictionary of Russian language, (M., 1863-1866) to which B. d. C. wrote in troduction and made additions (to 3rd and 4th ed.).
Dalgarno, George (1626?-1687), Scottish schoolteacher; author of artificial language Ars Signorum.
Daničić, Duro (1825-1882), Serbian Slavicist and lexicographer; codifier (with Vuk) of Serbo-Croatian literary language.
Darmesteter, Arsène (1846-1888), French Romance philologist, linguist, and lexicographer.
Delbrück, Berthold (1842-1922), German Indo-Europeanist; leading representative (with Brugmann) of Neogrammarians.
Dobrovský, Josef (1753-1829), Czech Slavicist; founder of Slavic comparative linguistics.
Donner, Otto (1835-1919), Finnish Finno-Ugricist.
Ducange, Charles (1610-1688), French classical philologist; editor of Medieval Latin and Greek dictionaries.
Förstemann, Ernst (1822-1906), German philologist; student of Indo-European paleontology.
Fortunatov, Filipp F. (1848-1914), Russian Indo-Europeanist and linguistic theorist; founder of the “Moscow School” of Russian linguistics.
Gebauer, Jan (1838-1907), Czech Slavicist, specializing in the history of the Czech language.
Genetz, Arvid (1848-1915), Finnish Finno-Ugricist.
Grassmann, Hermann G. (1809-1877), German Sanskritist and Indo-Europeanist.
Grimm, Jakob (1785-1863), German historian, philologist, and folklorist; pioneering Indo-Europeanist.
Grot, Jakov K. (1812-1893), Russian linguist and grammarian.
Havet, Louis (1849-1925), French Latinist.
Heyse, Karl W. L. (1797-1855), German linguist-philosopher; teacher of Steinthal.
Hirt, Hermann (1865-1936), German Indo-Europeanist; follower of Neogrammarians.
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1848-1908), German Indo-Europeanist; specialist in Iranian.
Humboldt, Wilhelm von (1767-1835), German historian, poet, philosopher, and theoretical linguist.
Hunfalvy, Pal (1810-1891), Hungarian linguist.
Il’minskij, Nikolaj I. (1822-1891), Russian Orientalist.
Jagić, Vatroslav (1838-1923), Croatian Slavicist; spent most of his career in Russia.
Jaunis, K. (1948-1908), Lithuanian linguist.
Jungmann, Josef J. (1773-1847), Czech philologist and codifier of Modern Czech literary language; author of monumental Czech dietionary.
Karadžić, Vuk S. (1787-1864), Serbian ethnographer and grammarian; codifier of Serbo-Croatian literary language.
Kempelen, Wolfgang von (1734-1804), Austrian phonetician and inventor of a speech-making machine.
Korš, Fedor E. (1843-1915), Russian classicist and Orientalist.
Kott, František S. (1825-1912), czech lexicographer; editor of seven-volume česko-německý slovnik (1878.ff.).
Kratzenstein, Christian G. (1723-1795), phonetician and engineer.
Kruszewski, Mikołaj (1851-1887), Polish Indo-Europeanist and general linguist; most talented pupil of B. d. C. in the Kazan period.
Kuhn, F. F. Adalbert (1812-1881), German Indo-Europeanist; pioneer in “linguistic paleontology.”
Kurschat, Friedrich (1806-1884), Lithuanian linguist.
Lazarus, Moritz (1824-1903), German philosopher and psychological linguist; collaborator of Steinthal.
Leibniz, Gottfried W. von (1646-1716), German philosopher, mathematician, historian, and linguist; champion of the study of modern languages and the creation of a universal language.
Leskien, August (1840-1916), German Slavicist; a founder of the Neogrammarian movement.
Letellier, Charles Louis Augustin, French schoolteacher; author of Cours complet de langue universelle, (1852-1853).
Liden, Evald (1862-1939), Swedish Indo-Europeanist.
Linde, Samuel B. (1771-1847), Polish lexicographer.
Liptay, Alberto (b. 1859), Chilean naval surgeon; author of “La lengua católica,” 1890.
Littré, M. P. Émile (1801-1881), French physician, philosopher, and lexicographer.
Lönnrot, Elias (1802-1884), Finnish philologist; editor of literary version of the Kalevala.
Lott, Julius, Austrian artillery officer; author of Grammatik der Mundolingue, an artificial language (1890).
Lundell, Johan A. (1851-1940), Swedish phonetician and orthographical reformer.
Maldant, Eugène, French engineer; inventor of Chabé Aban (“Langue internationale”).
Marr, Nikolaj Ja. (1864-1934), Georgian Caucasianist; inventor of the “Japhetic” theory of the origin of languages.
Masing, Leonhard (b. 1845), Russian Indo-Europeanist and Slavicist.
Matov, Dimitir A. (1864-1896), Buigarian Slavicist.
Meillet, Antoine (1866-1936), French Indo-Europeanist and theoretical linguist.
Mikkola, Jooseppi J. (1866-1946), Finnish Slavicist; a pupil of Fortunatov.
Miklosich, Franz (1813-1891), Slovenian Slavicist, pioneer of comparative Slavic grammar.
Miletič, Ljubomir (1863-1920), Buigarian Slavicist and dialectologist.
Miller, Vsevolod F. (1848-1913), Russian Orientalist and folklorist.
Møller, Herman (1850-1927), Danish Indo-Europeanist.
Moritz, Karl Philipp (1727-1793), German writer and prosodist.
Muka, Arnošt (1854-1932), Lusatian Slavicist.
Muller, Max (1823-1900), German Sanskritist and theoretical linguist; editor of the Rigueda; spent most of his career in England.
Munkácsi, Bernát (c. 1900), Hungarian folklorist and Finno-Ugricist.
Nekrasov, Nikolaj P. (1828-1908), Russian linguist and grammarian.
Nicolas, Adolphe C. A. M., French surgeon; author of “Spokil, langue internationale,” Angers, 1900.
Oblak, Vatroslav (1864-1896), Slovenian Slavicist specializing primarily in South Slavic languages.
Osthoff, Hermann (1847-1909), German Indo-Europeanist; a leading Neogrammarian.
Paul, Hermann (1846-1921), German historical linguist and Germanist; renowned as theoretician of Neogrammarians.
Pedersen, Holger (1867-1953), Danish Indo-Europeanist.
Petriceicu-Hasdeu, Bogdan P. (18361907), Roumanian Indo-Europeanist and Romance scholar.
Pietet, Adolphe (1799-1875), French linguist, primarily Celtist, and founder of “linguistic paleontology”.
Potebnja, Aleksandr A. (1835-1891), Russian linguist and folklorist; a follower of Humboldt.
Pott, August F. (1802-1887), German Indo-Europeanist, especially concerned with etymology.
Radlov (Radloff), Vasilij V. (1837-1918), Russian Turkologist associated with B. d. C.
Rask, Rasmus Ch.N. (1782-1832), Danish pioneer in comparative Indo-European.
Renan, J. Ernest (1823-1892), French man of letters, historian, and Semiticist.
Rešetar, Milan (1860-1942), Croatian Slavicist.
Romanes, George John (1848-1894), English naturalist and philosopher.
Roth, Rudolph (1821-1895), German Sanskritist.
Rousselot, Jean-Pierre (1846-1924), French priest and experimental phonetician.
Rożniecki, Stanislaw, Polish folklorist; author of Varaegske Minder i den russiske Heldedigtning, Copenhagen, 1914.
Rozwadowski, Jan M. (1867-1935), Polish Indo-Europeanist, Slavicist, and theoretical linguist; colleague of B. d. C.
Šafařík, Pavel J. (1795-1861), Czech Slavicist and student of Slavic antiąuities.
Šaxmatov, Aleksej A. (1864-1920), Russian philologist and linguist.
de Saussure, Ferdinand (1857-1913), Swiss Indo-Europeanist and theoretical linguist; author of Cours de linguistiąue generale (1916); a pioneer in structural linguistics.
Sayce, Archibald H. (1845-1933), English Assyriologist and Indo-Europeanist.
Scherer, Wilhelm (1841-1887), German Indo-Europeanist and literary historian.
Schleicher, August (1821-1868), German Indo-Europeanist and theoretical linguist; advocate of the “biological approach” to language.
Schleyer, Johann Martin (1831-1912), Swiss priest; inventor of Volapük, an artificial language.
Schmidt, Johannes (1843-1901), German Indo-Europeanist; advocate of the “wave” theory of language development.
Schrader, Otto (1855-1919), German Indo-Europeanist; pioneer in linguistic paleontology.
Schuchardt, Hugo (1842-1927), Austrian theoretical linguist and Romance scholar; critic of Neogrammarians.
Setälä, Emil N. (1864-1935), Finnish Finno-Ugricist.
Škrabec, Stanislav (1844-1918), Slovenian Slavicist.
Sławiński, F. F., Polish linguist of 19th century.
Sobolevskij, Aleksej I. (1856-1929), Russian historical linguist and dialectologist.
Sotos Ochando, Bonifacio (1785-1869), Spanish priest and philologist; author of Gramática de la lengua universal.
Sreznevskij, Ismail I. (1812-1880), Russian philologist and comparative Slavic linguist; advisor of B. d. C.’s dissertation.
Steinthal, Hermann (1823-1899), German philosopher-linguist; popularizer of Humboldt and founder of the school of ethnic psychology in linguistics.
Szinnyei, Joszef (b. 1857), Hungarian Finno-Ugricist; author of FinnoUgrische Sprachwissenschaft, Leipzig, 1922.
Tomsen, Vilhelm L. P. (1842-1927), Danish Indo-Europeanist and Turkologist.
Torbjörnsson, Tore (1864-1936), Swedish Indo-Europeanist and Slavicist.
Trubeckoj, Nikolaj S. (1890-1938), Russian structural linguist and Slavicist; cofounder of the Prague School.
Uhlenbeck, Christianus (1866-1951), Dutch Indo-Europeanist.
Valjavec, Matija K. (1831-1897), Slovenian Slavicist.
Verner, Karl A. (1846-1896), Danish Indo-Europeanist; author of “Verner’s law” of sound change in IndoEuropean.
Veske, Mixail P. (1843-1910), Estonian Finno-Ugricist.
Vinson, Julien (1842-1926), French orientalist.
Voigtmann, Christoph G., German historical linguist; author of Das Gesetz der Polarität in der Sprache, Göttingen, 1852.
Voss, Gerard J. (1577-1649), Dutch philologist.
Wheeler, Benjamin I. (1854-1927), American classicist.
Whitney, William D. (1827-1894), American Sanskritist and general linguist.
Wiedemann, Ferdinand J. (18051887), Estonian pastor, ethnographer, and Finno-Ugricist.
Wiklund, Karl B. (1868-1934), Swedish Finno-Ugricist.
Wilkins, Bishop John (1614-1672), English bishop; inventor of a philosophical language.
Wundt, Wilhelm (1832-1920), German philosopher, psychologist, and linguist.
Zamenhof, Ludwik (1859-1917), Polish occulist and inventor of Esperanto.
Zubatý, Josef (1855-1931), Czech Slavicist; follower of Neogrammarians.