BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES

George W. Barlow (1929- ) was born in Long Beach, California, and received his A.B., M.A., and Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles, concentrating on comparative physiology and ichthyology. Thereafter he spent two postdoctoral years with Konrad Lorenz, learning about ethology. He taught for six years at the University of Illinois before moving on to the University of California, Berkeley, where he is now Professor. He has served as consultant to the National Science Foundation, is currently on the executive subcommittee of the International Ethological Committee, and is a Fellow of the Animal Behavior Society and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 1976 he was chairperson of the Ecology Division of the American Society of Zoologists. His chief research interests center on the mechanisms of social behavior and the organization of social systems, as reflected in two lines of research, the ethology of cichlid fishes and community behavior of coral-reef fishes.

Gordon M. Burghardt (1941- ) majored in biopsychology at the University of Chicago for both his undergraduate and graduate training and received his doctorate in 1966. After teaching biology for a year and a half at his alma mater, he moved to the Department of Psychology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, where he is now a professor. His research deals primarily with the behavior of reptiles, especially snakes, and bears. The problems that interest him include ontogeny, chemoreception, feeding, social behavior, behavioral evolution, and theoretical issues in ethology. He is author of numerous articles and book chapters and is currently (1976-77) at The Rockefeller University on a John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship.

Rene-Guy Busnel (1914- ), a native of France, received his degree at the Faculty of Science in Paris. As a research worker at the National Center for Scientific Research from 1935 to 1948, he worked in the field of comparative physiology on the biochemical physiology of invertebrates and fish. In 1949 he organized and became director of the Acoustic Physiology Laboratory at the National Institute of Agronomic Research, investigating acoustic behavior throughout the animal kingdom, primarily in amphibians, insects, birds, and land and marine mammals. He has organized numerous international symposia on animal acoustic behavior (insects, 1953; mice, 1958; birds, 1962; biological sonar, 1966). In 1972 he was visiting professor at City College, C.U.N.Y. He is the author of numerous publications and the editor of Animal Acoustic Behavior, a volume which sums up much of the Institute's work.

David K. Caldwell (1928- ), a native of Louisville, Kentucky, took degrees from Washington and Lee University and the universities of Michigan and Florida. Before completing his doctoral work at Florida, he engaged in special marine zoological study at the University of Miami. He has served as a Fishery Research Biologist with the then U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Curator of Marine Biology, Fishes, and Marine Mammals at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County and Curator and Director of Research at Marineland of Florida. Since 1970 he has been an associate professor with the Communication Sciences Laboratory of the University of Florida, and Head of that laboratory's Division of Biocommunication and Marine Mammal Research, located at the Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney Marine Research Laboratory. His scientific papers deal with the biology and systematics of marine vertebrates, and now principally with cetacean biology, distribution, and intraspecific communication.

Melba C. Caldwell, was born in Augusta, Georgia. She received degrees from the universities of Georgia and California (Los Angeles) and has done special work in marine zoology at the Duke Marine Laboratory. She has been a Fishery Research Biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, a Research Associate with the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, a Staff Research Associate with the Allan Hancock Foundation of the University of Southern California, and Assistant Curator and Associate Director of Research at Marineland of Florida. Presently she is a Research Instructor with the Division of Biocommunication and Marine Mammal Research of the University of Florida Communication Sciences Laboratory, located at the University's Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney Marine Research Laboratory. Her principal scientific papers deal with the biology of marine vertebrates, and especially with the biology, distribution, and intraspecific communication of cetaceans.

James A. Cohen (1952- ) was born in New York City and earned a B.A. with special honors in Animal Psychology at Washington University, St. Louis, where he concentrated in Mammalian Ethology under the direction of M. W. Fox. In 1975 he went to India to study the behavior and ecology of the Asiatic Wild Dog. He later received an M.S. in zoology at the State University College of Environmental Science and Forestry in Syracuse, New York, where he studied displacement activities in the Norway rat. He is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in behavior and ecology at the Johns Hopkins University and is a research associate at the Institute for the Study of Animal Problems, a division of the Humane Society of the United States, in Washington, D.C.

John F. Eisenberg (1935- ) did his undergraduate work in zoology and philosophy at Washington State University. He completed his M.A. and Ph.D. in zoology under Peter Marler at the University of California, Berkeley. He taught ethology for two years at the University of British Columbia before taking a faculty position at the University of Maryland, where he is now an adjunct professor. He has served as a staff scientist and director of research at the Smithsonian Institution's National Park since 1965. His research efforts have been devoted to the analysis of mammalian behavior patterns, especially the formation and maintenance of social structures. He has conducted field research in Panama, Madagascar, and Ceylon. His publications include: The Behavior of Heteromyid Rodents, The Social Organizations of Mammals, and (with E. Gould) The Tenrecs, A Study in Mammalian Behavior and Evolution.

Arthur W. Ewing (1935- ) studied at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and has carried out postdoctoral research at the University of Oregon in Eugene. At present he is a lecturer in the Department of Zoology, University of Edinburgh, where he works on the neurophysiological and genetic bases of behavior in insects. He is also interested in the evolution of behavior patterns in insects and fish.

Michael L. Fine (1946- ) received his B.S. degree in zoology from the University of Maryland and an M.A. degree in marine science from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science of the College of William and Mary. He received a Ph.D. in oceanography from the University of Rhode Island, where he worked on seasonal and geographical variation of toadfish sounds and on the evoking of sounds by brain stimulation. He has worked for the Naval Oceanographic Office on deep scattering layers and has studied faunal variation in pelagic Sargassum communities, and is currently working on neurophysiology of toadfish hearing at Cornell University.

Roger S. Fouts (1943- ) was born in Sacramento, California, and earned his B.A. degree at California State College at Long Beach and his Ph.D. at the University of Nevada at Reno. He held a joint appointment as a research associate at the Institute for Primate Studies in Norman, Oklahoma, and the Psychology Department of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma, from 1970 to 1973. In 1973 he was appointed Assistant Professor of Psychology at the University of Oklahoma and is presently an associate professor. His major research interests are in examining the acquisition and usage of American Sign Language for the Deaf in nonhuman primates with special emphasis on the chimpanzee. He has been involved in this research since 1967.

Michael W. Fox (1937- ), born in England, graduated from the Royal Veterinary College, London. He later obtained his Ph.D. from London University after working on brain and behavior development in the dog at Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, and the Galesburg State Research Hospital, Galesburg, Illinois. He was awarded a D.Sc. in Ethology by London University for his studies of wild and domestic canids while at Washington University, St. Louis, where he was Associate Professor of Psychology. He now directs the Institute for the Study of Animal Problems, a division of the Humane Society of the United States.

A. Gautier (1940- ) was born in France. She studied biology in Brittany, at the University of Rennes, where she became interested in ethology under the influence of Prof. Richard. A research assistant at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique since 1964, she has done a great deal of fieldwork in Gabon on the ecological and ethological study of the Cercopithecus species, principally of the talapoin, which was the subject of her doctorate. She is presently directing both a study in the natural environment in Gabon and a study in captivity at the Paimpont Biological Station on the problem of polyspecific associations in the Cercopithecus spp. This research is endeavoring to discover the specificity of the ecological niches and social behavior of species that associate with each other and the function of these associations.

J.-P. Gautier (1939- ) was born in France. He pursued a degree in chemistry and physiology at Rennes, then a third degree in ethology with Prof. Richard. He was assistant on the Science Faculty at Rennes and then research attaché at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. He began his work in Gabon in 1965, and was mainly interested in acoustic communication in the Cercopithecus spp., especially in close species living in association. The ontogenesis of the acoustic emissions of these woodland monkeys continues to be his principal research goal, and he has studied the same animals regularly for ten years in the Paimpont Biological Station compound.

Frank A. Geldard (1904- ) was born in Worcester, Mass., and received all his formal education from schools in that city. His A.B., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees were all taken at Clark University, with graduate work in the fields of psychology and physiology. He also has an honorary D.Sc. from Washington and Lee University. He served 34 years on the faculty of the University of Virginia, ultimately as dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. His research has mainly been in the field of sensory psychophysiology, first in vision and subsequently in cutaneous sensitivity. His text, The Human Senses, first published in 1953, was revised and expanded in 1972. In 1962 he left Virginia to take the Stuart Professorship of Psychology at Princeton University, where a new research institute, The Cutaneous Communication Laboratory, was established. Now professor emeritus but continuing his research as Senior Research Psychologist, Dr. Geldard is actively concerned with problems of communication through cutaneous channels.

Ilan Golani (1938- ), a native of Israel and a student of H. Mendelssohn, did his doctoral work in zoology at Tel-Aviv University on the nonmetric analysis of behavioral interaction sequences in captive jackals. After several years of fieldwork on the naturalistic behavior of jackals, he published a book on the topic with the Eshkol-Washman Movement Notation Society in Israel. He has done postdoctoral work at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., and in the Department of Psychology at Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia. He is on the faculty of the Department of Zoology at Tel-Aviv University.

Donald R. Griffin (1915- ) was born at Southampton, New York, and earned his B.S., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees at Harvard University. He has held teaching appointments at Cornell University, Harvard University, where he served as chairman of the Department of Biology, and The Rockefeller University, where he is at present professor. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society. His principal papers deal with bird navigation and the migrations, acoustic orientation, and orientation of bats by echolocation based on ultrasonic orientation sounds. Among his books are Listening in the Dark, for which he was awarded the Daniel Giraud Elliott Medal of the National Academy of Sciences, and Bird Migration, for which he received the 1965 Phi Beta Kappa Award in Science.

Jack P. Hailman (1936- ) received degrees from Harvard and Duke universities and conducted postdoctoral research at the Universität Tübingen and the Rutgers Institute of Animal Behavior. He taught at the University of Maryland and is currently Professor of Zoology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His research interests include behavioral development, animal communication, and sensory processes, especially color vision. He has written or edited a number of monographs and books, including three with Peter H. Klopfer, and is currently American editor of the journal Animal Behaviour.

Bert Hölldobler (1936- ) was born in Erling-Andechs (West Germany). He earned his Ph.D. at the University of Würzburg and his Habilitation degree (Dozent) at the University of Frankfurt. He has held a research associate fellowship at Harvard University, became Professor of Zoology at the University of Frankfurt in 1971, and in January 1973 joined the Harvard faculty as Professor of Biology. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher (Leopoldina). His major research interests are the analysis of physiological and ecological aspects of insect behavior. His principal scientific papers deal with the mechanisms of intra- and interspecific communication in ant societies, and orientation and territoriality in ants.

Carl D. Hopkins (1944- ) is originally from Rochester, New York. He took his undergraduate training in physics at Bowdoin College and then switched to biology for his graduate training at The Rockefeller University. Under the influence of P. R. Marler and D. R. Griffin, he received his doctorate with a specialization in animal behavior. After a year's postdoctoral training in T. H. Bullock's laboratory in the Department of Neurosciences at the University of California, San Diego, he was appointed Assistant Professor of Ecology and Behavioral Biology at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, where he teaches animal behavior. His current research centers on the evolution of animal communication systems, from signal production to signal reception, with an emphasis on electrical communication.

A. Ross Kiester (1944- ) was an undergraduate at the University of California at Berkeley and a graduate student at The Rockefeller University and Harvard University. This article was prepared while he was a Junior Fellow in the Society of Fellows at Harvard University. Currently he is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Chicago.

Devra G. Kleiman (1942- ) received a B.S. in biopsychology from the University of Chicago (1964). Her interest in ethology developed from undergraduate research on wolf behavior, which led to a year's study of canid behavior at the Zoological Society of London. She then joined the Wellcome Institute of Comparative Physiology at the London Zoo and entered the University of London, where she received her doctorate in zoology in 1969. This was followed by a two-year postdoctoral fellowship at the Institute of Animal Behavior, Rutgers. She taught animal behavior at Rutgers and the University of Maryland. Since 1972, she has held the position of Reproduction Zoologist at the National Zoological Park. She is also Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, at George Washington University. Her major research interests are mammalian social and reproductive behavior.

Hans Klingel (1932- ) studied at Carthage College, Illinois, and at the universities of Freiburg and Mainz, Germany. He received his doctorate in zoology at the University of Mainz, and is now professor at the University of Braunschweig, Germany. He did fieldwork on arachnids and centipedes in southeast Asia and on equids and other large mammals in Africa. His major research interests are social organization and social behavior of mammals in relation to environment, and behavior of land arthropods.

Peter H. Klopfer (1930- ) is professor of zoology at Duke University, and Associate Director of the Primate Facility. He received his doctorate at Yale, under G. E. Hutchinson, and then worked with W. H. Thorpe at Cambridge. His interests include ecological problems relating to community structure and faunal diversity, and psychological problems of maternalfilial attachments and early learning. He is also an addicted cross-country runner and track competitor (Masters Division). Among his major publications are: Behavioral Aspects of Ecology and An Introduction to Animal Behavior: Ethology's First Century (with J. P. Hailman), and On Behavior: Instinct Is a Cheshire Cat.

Philip Lieberman (1934- ) was born in New York. He received a B.S. and M.S. in Electrical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1958, where he also received a Ph.D. in Linguistics in 1966, with a dissertation on the physiology, acoustics, and grammatical function of intonation in English. He was a member of the research staff at Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories and Haskins Laboratories. From 1967 to 1974 he taught at the University of Connecticut and is now Professor of Linguistics at Brown University.

James E. Lloyd (1933- ) was born in Oneida, New York, and after spending four years in the United States Navy as an aviation electronics technician and operator, he earned a B.S. at the State University of New York at Fredonia, an M.A. at the University of Michigan, and a Ph.D. at Cornell University. Following postdoctoral work in systematic and evolutionary biology at the University of Michigan, he joined the faculty of the University of Florida, where he is now Professor of Entomology and Nematology. His major research interests are in the systematics and behavior of luminescent animals, especially Lampyrid beetles (fireflies).

Peter Marler (1928- ), a .native of England, worked in plant ecology at the University of London before turning his attention to animal behavior. Under the influence of R. A. Hinde and W. H. Thorpe at the University of Cambridge, he studied problems of social communication in birds. In 1957 he joined the Department of Zoology at the University of California, Berkeley. In 1966 he moved to The Rockefeller University, where he is presently Director of the Field Research Center in Ecology and Ethology. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. His writings deal mainly with the physical analysis of sounds of birds and primates, the role of genetic and environmental factors in their development, and general problems of animal communication. Together with W. J. Hamilton III, he has published a general textbook, Mechanisms of Animal Behavior.

Martin H. Moynihan (1928- ) studied at Princeton and Oxford universities. After research appointments at Cornell and Harvard universities, he has served as Resident Naturalist, Director, and Senior Scientist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. His interests are the evolution, behavior, and ecology of birds, monkeys, and cephalopods.

Bori L. Olla (1937- ) received his formal training at Fairleigh Dickinson University, the University of Hawaii, the University of Maryland and Seton Hall College of Medicine. For the past eleven years he has been at the Sandy Hook Laboratory in New Jersey, part of the National Marine Fisheries Service of the U.S. Department of Commerce, where he is Chief of Behavioral Investigations. His research has centered primarily on the comparative aspects of the behavior of marine fishes in both the field and the laboratory, with special emphasis on biorhythms, feeding and social behavior, and the effect of environmental stress on selected behavior patterns.

John R. Oppenheimer (1941- ) was born in New York City and earned his B.A. at the University of Connecticut, and his M.S. and Ph.D. at the University of Illinois. His master's research was on the parental behavior of the mouthbreeding cichlid, Tilapia melanotheron, and his doctoral and postdoctoral research were on the behavior and ecology of the whitefaced monkey, Cebus capucinus, on Barro Colorado Island. He has also observed the three other species in the genus Cebus in Colombia and Venezuela. Since 1968 he has been on the staff of the Johns Hopkins University and has spent two years in India in charge of the J. H. U. Field Station in Singur, West Bengal. Most of his time there was devoted to research on the daily and annual activity patterns of langurs, and on the ecology of dung beetles. His major interests are the organization of social behavior and the interaction between ecology and behavior.

Daniel Otte (1939- ) was born in Natal, South Africa, and attended the University of Michigan, where he received his doctorate in zoology in 1968 under R. D. Alexander. After a year as research associate of R. D. Alexander doing systematic and biogeographical research on Australian crickets, he served on the zoology faculty at the University of Texas at Austin until 1975. He then became a research scientist in the Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Biology at The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, where he is presently Associate Curator and Chairman of Entomology. His major research interests are comparative ethology, population ecology, biogeography, and systematics of Orthoptera.

Walter Poduschka (1922- ) was born and lives in Vienna, Austria. He studied physical and cultural anthropology at the University of Vienna and earned his doctorate in 1955. Shortly afterwards he changed his course to zoology, turning his interest to mammalian behavior. From 1962 he specialized in insectivores, studying their behavior and their sensory and functional physiology with emphasis on comparative research. In 1971 he founded a free-lance insectivore research station in connection with the First Zoological Institute at the University of Vienna. Fieldwork has taken him to the Near and Middle East, to North Africa, to the Greater Antilles, and to Mexico.

Cheryl H. Pruitt (1946- ) majored in psychology and zoology at Centre College and completed doctoral work in psychology at the University of Tennessee. Her dissertation was on the social behavior of young black bears. She is currently on the faculty of Northern Kentucky State College. Her research interests presently focus on the communicative aspect of social behavior, and particularly on its development in carnivores.

Randall L. Rigby (1945- ) was graduated from Oklahoma State University in 1968, majoring in psychology. A career U.S. Army officer, Captain Rigby is presently serving as an instructor in the Department of Military Psychology and Leadership at the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, New York. Interested primarily in animal learning, he is currently undergoing graduate training in psychology at the University of Oklahoma.

Anthony Robertson (1941- ) studied physiology at the University of Cambridge, where he received his B.A. in Natural Sciences in 1963. He worked at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, England, on pattern recognition and the physiology of visual neurones until 1968, then came to the University of Chicago. At present he is in the Department of Biophysics and Theoretical Biology, working on the control of development in the cellular slime molds.

Arcadio F. Rodaniehe (1937- ) studied at New York University and California State University at San Francisco. He has been Biological Technician and Biologist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. His work is concerned with the ecology and behavior of cephalopods and other marine organisms.

Jack Schneider (1946- ) received his B.A. degree from Webster College, Missouri, and his M.S. from the University of Rhode Island. He is presently Curator of Exhibits at Mystic Marinelife Aquarium, Mystic, Connecticut; and is studying pinniped biology with an emphasis on the behavior and sounds of grey seals.

Kate Scow received her B.S. degree in biology from Antioch College in 1973. She is presently a biological technician at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

Thomas A. Sebeok (1920- ) is a native of Budapest who has lived in the United States since 1937. After studying literary criticism, anthropology, and linguistics at The University of Chicago, he earned his doctorate at Princeton University. He has been a member of the Indiana University faculty in linguistics since 1943 and serves as Chairman of the university's Research Center for Language and Semiotic Studies. He is a Professor of Anthropology as well. In 1964, he was Director of the Linguistic Institute of the Linguistic Society of America. He was also designated Linguistic Society of America Professor for 1975. In 1968 he became Editor-in-Chief of Semiotica. He was a founding member of the Animal Behavior Society and has served as a member of its Executive Committee.

Harry H. Shorey (1931- ) received his B.S. degree from the University of Massachusetts and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Cornell University. He joined the faculty of the University of California, Riverside in 1959, where he is now Professor of Entomology and Professor of Biology. His major research interests concern animal communication by pheromones and the behavioral control of pest insects.

Robert E. Silberglied (1946- ) studied entomology as an undergraduate at Cornell University. Under the influence of Thomas Eisner, he became interested in general problems of arthropod behavior and evolution. He received his doctorate at Harvard University, where he is now Assistant Professor of Biology and Assistant Curator in Entomology at the Museum of Comparative Zoology. He is also on the staff of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama. He is interested in all aspects of arthropod natural history. His research has centered on the role of ultraviolet reflection patterns in butterfly communication and in pollination systems.

W. John Smith (1934- ) is a native of Canada and did his undergraduate work in biology at Carleton University, Ottawa. He earned his doctorate at Harvard University (1961) and spent the next three years associated with that university in a postdoctoral capacity. Much of this time was spent in South America, studying the evolutionary radiation of the bird family Tyrannidae. In 1965 he joined the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania in the Department of Biology, and has subsequently also been appointed to the Department of Psychology. He is a research associate of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, a consultant of the Penrose Research Laboratory of the Zoological Society of Philadelphia, and a research associate in ornithology of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The comparative study of animal communication and other aspects of interactional behavior is now his major research interest.

Richard Tenaza (1939- ) received his B.A. degree in biology from San Francisco State University and his Ph.D. (1974) in zoology from the University of California, Davis. In 1971 and 1972 he conducted research on the Mentawai Islands, west of Sumatra, evaluating relationships between resources and social organization in two primitive societies and studying vocalizations of gibbons and langurs. He has participated in studies of Adelie penguin social behavior in Antarctica, ecology and behavior of microtine rodents in Alaska and Bank's Island, behavior of slow lorises and gibbons in Thailand, and behavior of cormorants in the Farallon Islands. His principal interest is in the adaptive nature of animal and human social organizations. He is Assistant Professor of Biology, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California.

Fritz R. Walther (1921- ) was born in Germany. He has lived in the United States since 1967 and is currently a professor at Texas A & M University. He studied medicine, pedagogy, philosophy, psychology, and zoology, mainly at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, where he received his doctorate in zoology in 1963. He has held positions at the Opel Zoo in Germany, the Zürich Zoo in Switzerland, and the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. He has conducted research programs in Wyoming, Texas, Israel, South Africa, and East Africa. His primary interests are the ethology of game animals, especially horned ungulates, and problems of intraspecific aggression, reproductive behavior, and expressive behavior. His papers on the behavior of various artiodactyl species have been published in German, English, and African journals, and he has written two books on this subject in German. He also is a coeditor and author of several chapters in Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia.

Christen Wemmer (1943- ) received his undergraduate and masters degrees at San Francisco State College and his doctoral degree at the University of Maryland. He is presently Curator-in-Charge of the National Zoological Park's Conservation and Research Center, Front Royal, Virgina. His research interests are comparative ethology and communication of mammals.

Peter Weygoldt (1933- ) was born in Wilhelmshaven, Germany. He studied at the Albert-Ludwigs-University in Freiburg and at the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel, where he received his doctorate. After five years as assistant professor at the Free University of Berlin he spent two years in the United States, first as a research associate at the Duke University Marine Laboratory and later as visiting professor at the Friday Harbor Laboratories. In 1967 he joined the staff of the Biology Department of the Albert-Ludwigs-University in Freiburg, where he is Professor of Zoology. His major research interests include embryology and biology of crustaceans and behavior, morphology, and evolution of arachnids.

Howard E. Winn (1926- ) earned his B.A. degree at Bowdoin College and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at the University of Michigan. After ten years of teaching at the University of Maryland, in 1965 he joined the faculty of the University of Rhode Island as Professor of Zoology. Since 1967 he has held the position of Professor of Oceanography and Zoology there. His research interests center on bioacoustics and bioorientation with special reference to the toadfish, eel, and humpback whale.