Index

A

Abbott, E. A., 250

abduction, 79, 80

Abelard, P., 36, 43

abstract concept, 73, 79, 127, 146, 161, 164, 166, 175, 256, 296

absurdism, 212

actant, 253, 332

addressee, 154, 322

addresser, 154, 322

advertising, 40, 159, 234, 245, 267, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 299, 300, 334, 335, 336

Aeschylus, 45, 210, 214

aesthesia, 159, 322

aesthetics, 36, 40, 206, 246, 280, 328

Aitchison, J., 45

Alexander the Great, 300

Alexanderson, F. W., 268

Alfred the Great, 36

Allen, W., 223

alliteration, 143, 284, 323, 334, 335

alphabet, 84, 85, 88, 112, 137, 153, 267, 319, 322

alphabetic writing, 153

Alpher, B., 149

analogy, 48, 59, 81, 91, 92, 113, 118, 120, 122, 163, 165, 199, 217, 238, 300, 304, 316

Anaximander, 190

Anderson, W. T., 270

animism, 230, 231, 243, 330

annotation, 80, 82, 83, 317

anthropology, 4, 9, 55, 57, 105, 139, 292, 294, 296, 314

anthroposemiosis, 106

anticlimax, 162

antithesis, 162

Antonioni, M., 220, 222

antonymy, 77, 317

apostrophe, 163

Apuleius, 251

Aquinas, T., 33, 36, 43

archeology, 55, 57, 139, 229

archetype, 16, 313, 314

architecteme, 199, 327

architecture, 36, 92, 197, 199, 200, 202, 206, 226, 298, 327

Ardrey, R., 56, 186

argument, 75, 167, 216, 315, 316, 317

Aristides, 251

Aristophanes, 210

Aristotle, 33, 36, 41-43, 159, 161, 164, 166, 207, 216, 339

Arnheim, R., 245

art, 3, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 23, 32, 40, 54, 81, 93, 101, 132, 134, 135, 149, 158, 159, 183, 199, 200, 201, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 214, 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 226, 227, 228, 231, 240, 244, 245, 246, 256, 262, 263, 264, 266, 283, 285, 290, 291, 299, 307, 311, 328, 329, 330, 332, 334, 337

artifact, 129, 229, 255, 330

artificial intelligence, 52, 55, 224, 229, 243, 244, 330

Asch, S., 173, 174

Augustine, 36, 42, 43, 75

Austen, J., 262

australopithecus, 18, 313

axiom, 65, 66

B

Babbage, 242, 244, 247, 331

Babbage’s Galaxy, 244, 246-47, 331

Bacon, F., 37, 44

Baird, J. L., 268

ballet, 134-35, 319

Barlow, J., 164

Barrett, W., 245

Barthes, R., 45, 245, 258, 259, 279, 282, 331, 339

Basso, K. H., 231

Bauhaus school, 201, 327

Baum, L. F., 222

Bauman, Z., 227

Beaken, M., 123

Beckett, S., 212-14

Beethoven, L., van, 109, 208

Benedict, R. 9, 44

Bergin, T. G., 86, 244, 307

Bergman, I., 222

Berkeley, G., 44

Berlin, B., 98, 99, 270

Bernadette, 198

Bernini, G., 201

Bertolucci, B., 222

bilateral kinship system, 30

biosemiotics, 106, 108, 109

bipedalism, 19, 20, 21, 61, 296, 313

birth and rebirth myth, 332

Black, M., 82, 174, 251

Bloomfield, L., 59

Blumenbach, J. F., 25

Boas, F., 9, 10, 59, 163

Boccaccio, G., 251, 262

Boethius, 216

Bogdanovich, P., 222

Boole, G., 49

Booth, W., 161

Brand, P., 281, 305

brand image, 281, 334, 335

Broca, P. P., 61, 62

Brown, E., 157

Brown, R. W., 144, 173, 174, 266

Brunelleschi, F., 97, 200, 218

Brunner, J., 252

Bühler, K., 55, 85, 173

Burke, K., 67

C

Cameron, J., 223

Campbell, J., 219, 246, 256, 258, 304

Canland, D. K., 17

Carroll, L., 99, 100

Cassirer, E., 86, 157, 258, 290

Cavalli-Sforza, L., 2

Cavalli-Sforza, M., 2

cerebral dominance, 62

Cervantes, M. de, 262

channel, 50, 51, 112, 271, 273, 315

Chaplin, C., 221

character, 5, 6, 16, 31, 36, 49, 61, 118, 126, 137, 158, 159, 209, 210, 212, 221, 248, 250, 252, 253, 260, 261, 262, 263, 265, 269, 332, 333

Charlemagne, 36, 130

Charles, Prince, 270

Cheops, 251

Chomsky, N., 59, 136, 139, 142

Christy, H., 4

cinema, 214, 220, 221, 222, 223, 227, 261, 263, 267, 328, 329, 330, 334

civilization, 4, 6, 8, 23, 26, 27, 33, 152, 242, 248, 259, 313

Classen, C., 17

Clement of Alexandria, 42

Clever Hans, 84

climax, 162

Clinton, B., 270

closed text, 304, 336

clothing, 11, 40, 65, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 196, 229, 233, 234, 236, 266, 319, 321, 335

code, 11, 32, 34, 35, 50, 53, 54, 56, 59, 77, 85, 90, 92, 104, 105, 107, 109, 113, 114, 116, 122, 131, 132, 137, 141, 145, 154, 155, 156, 181, 183, 184, 189, 199, 214, 256, 266, 277, 291, 293, 294, 295, 297, 317, 320, 322, 327, 330, 331

coevolution, 11, 17

cognitive compression effect, 269, 270, 334

cognitive science, 40, 52, 54, 55, 56, 243, 315

cognitive style, 276, 278, 285, 334

cognizing state, 109

Colton, H., 114

Columbus, C., 5

Comenius, 37

comics, 264, 265, 266

commedia dell’arte, 210, 328

communal knowing, 23

communication, 3, 13, 14, 18, 29, 40, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 61, 85, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 122, 123, 124, 126, 128, 134, 139, 142, 154, 155, 161, 174, 253, 291, 307, 315, 316, 321, 324

communication science, 49, 316

conative function, 155

conceit, 163

concept, 26, 27, 31, 41, 43, 49, 53, 66, 72, 73, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 87, 117, 118, 147, 148, 158, 166, 168, 172, 176, 177, 182, 183, 187, 189, 204, 211, 224, 259, 263, 275, 297, 333

conceptual metaphor, 166, 167, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 183, 184, 324, 325, 326

conceptual metonym, 176, 325

concrete concept, 79, 80

conditioned response, 107

conditioning, 106, 107, 134

connotation, 80, 81, 82, 83, 283, 300, 317

connotative sequence, 283, 285, 334

consciousness, 12, 13, 14, 15, 30, 32, 52, 53, 54, 67, 86, 87, 109, 212, 214, 219, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 248, 257, 263, 274, 280, 286, 292, 293, 305, 336

contact, 25, 32, 40, 68, 104, 105, 109, 115, 118, 119, 121, 123, 154, 155, 158, 198, 235, 290, 310, 320, 322

context, 10, 22, 23, 69, 93, 94, 96, 98, 112, 119, 124, 143, 154, 166, 173, 179, 194, 215, 252, 285, 292, 300, 304, 317

conventional sign, 42, 315

Cooley, C. H., 29

Copernicus, N., 44

cosmogonic myth, 255, 332

Craik, K., 244

Crick, F., 7

Cro-Magnon, 19, 117

cuisine, 40, 234, 238, 330

cultural model, 61, 172, 182, 325, 326

cultural semiotics, 40, 55, 57, 61, 67, 229, 293, 297, 301, 315, 316, 337

culture, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 32, 33, 39, 40, 45, 47, 48, 55, 57, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 74, 82, 83, 93, 96, 103, 105, 106, 112, 113, 114, 117, 118, 120, 122, 124, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 143, 150, 153, 154, 156, 158, 159, 167, 169, 171, 176, 177, 181, 182, 183, 185, 187, 189, 194, 195, 198, 199, 205, 206, 207, 209, 214, 215, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 245, 246, 248, 249, 250, 255, 256, 257, 258, 261, 267, 269, 272, 274, 275, 276, 278, 281, 285, 286, 287, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 297, 300, 301, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 314, 321, 327, 330, 331, 332, 336, 337

culture hero myth, 332

cuneiform writing, 322

Curtiss, S., 16

D

Dadaism, 212

Daguerre, L., 219

dance, 92, 122, 134, 135, 175, 205, 206, 214, 215, 217, 319

Danesi, M., 44, 155, 177, 182

Dante, A., 33, 159, 226

Darwin, C., 7, 8, 106, 172, 226

Davidson, I., 21

Davis, P. J., 54

Dawkins, R., 11, 12

decoding, 50, 52, 277, 278, 315, 334

deduction, 54, 79, 80

Defoe, D., 16, 235

deixis, 86, 87, 127, 317, 318

Déjerine, J., 62

DeMille, C. B., 221

Dennett, D., 13

Denotation, 80, 300, 317

Derrida, J., 264

Descartes, R., 37, 44, 54

Dewey, J., 37, 49

diachrony, 315

Diana, Lady, 270

dicisign, 75, 317

Dick, P. K., 223

Dickens, C., 16

dimensionality principle, 93, 95, 115, 129, 146, 187, 234, 292, 294, 318, 321, 330

Di Pietro, R. J., 154

Dirks, R., 265

discourse, 12, 13, 31, 32, 121, 127, 132, 136, 139, 148, 154, 155, 156, 161, 166, 171, 172, 176, 177, 183, 209, 212, 252, 253, 266, 278, 284, 285, 286, 293, 297, 298, 299, 301, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 335

displacement, 46, 68, 69, 71, 110, 315

distance, 89, 120, 121, 144, 189, 192, 193, 218, 241

diversification, 24, 131, 140, 322

drama, 45, 49, 135, 159, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 270, 273, 328

dress, 5, 92, 129, 130, 131, 213, 239, 319, 321

Dreyfus, A., 221

Druyan, A., 25

Dubin, L. S., 129

Durkheim, E., 256, 257

E

Eagleton, T., 248

Eastman, G., 220

echoism, 139, 322

Eco, U., 45, 63, 289, 304, 316

economic sphere, 33, 35

Ekman, P., 116

Eliade, M., 256

Emantian, M., 183

emotive connotation, 197

emotive function, 155

encoding, 50, 52, 277, 278, 296, 298, 299, 308, 315, 334

Enninger, W., 129

environmentalism, 56, 315

Erasmus, D., 37

Eratosthenes, 89, 90, 190

eschatological myth, 255, 332

ethnicity, 26

ethology, 107, 139

etymology, 31

euphemism, 163

evolutionary psychology, 56, 57, 315

evolutionism, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 313

Ewen, S., 271, 286

exclamation, 31, 163

extensional connotation, 137

F

fashion, 11, 20, 21, 59, 65, 68, 80, 85, 109, 130, 131, 132, 137, 151, 155, 168, 172, 173, 233, 240, 245, 246, 269, 270, 279, 294, 300, 301

Faulkner, W., 263

feature, 30, 31, 42, 51, 55, 70, 81, 91, 109, 110, 131, 139, 151, 155, 156, 157, 184, 199, 225, 234, 240, 266, 276, 285

feedback, 50, 51, 110, 315

Fellini, F., 222

fetish, 230, 330

fetishism, 230, 232, 330

Ficino, M., 43

fiction, 16, 223, 224, 225, 249, 251, 252, 261, 262, 268, 274, 298, 332, 333

Fine, H., 164

firstness, 74, 75, 93, 94, 95, 116, 119, 146, 187, 234, 250, 292, 296, 298, 317

Fisch, M., 86, 307

Fisher, H., 117, 128

focal color, 99, 317

Foucault, M., 14, 115, 294, 310

Freud, S., 15, 133, 256

Frutiger, A., 127

Frye, N., 32, 183, 301

futurism, 212

G

Galen of Pergamum, 40

Galileo, G., 44

Gallagher, W., 195

Gama, V. de, 5

Gardner, B. T., 107

Gardner, H., 52-53

Gardner, R. A., 107

Geertz, C., 8

gender, 65, 114, 115, 116, 148, 149, 233, 298, 299, 319, 320, 333

general semiotics, 289

George II, 211

Gestalt, 55, 168, 172, 174, 315

Gestalt psychology, 55, 315

gesticulant, 126, 127, 319

gesture, 3, 18, 19, 40, 46, 93, 111, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 142, 213, 217, 296, 298, 319, 321

Gill, A., 158

Glass, P., 99, 227, 228

Gödel, K., 54

Godwin, F., 224

Goethe, J. W. von, 211

Goldin-Meadow, 125

Golding, W., 16

grammar, 37, 48, 59, 86, 116, 128, 142, 145, 146, 148, 149, 177, 178, 179, 180, 217, 252, 253, 286, 325, 332, 333

Greimas, A. J., 45, 253, 333

Grice, H. P., 166

Griffith, D. W., 221

Gropius, W., 202

ground, 104, 126, 154, 164, 167, 170, 187, 212, 325

gusteme, 330

Gutenberg, J., 240, 241, 242, 244, 267, 278, 279, 331

Gutenberg galaxy, 241, 267, 331

Gutenberg press, 241, 279

Gutenberg revolution, 278

H

Hall, E. T., 119, 120, 121, 123

Hamilton, R., 246

Hammerstein II, O., 214

Hammurabi, 34

haptics, 320

Harré, R., 184

Harris, R., 13

Harvey, D., 104, 270

Hassan, I., 205

Hayakawa, S. I., 76, 318

Hegel, G. W. F., 26, 44

Heidegger, M., 44

Heisenberg, W., 63, 64

hemisphericity, 112

Herder, J. von, 26, 60

hermeneutics, 42, 206, 315

Herodotus, 5, 138

Hersh, R., 54

hieroglyphic writing, 152

Hildum, D. C., 173

Hippocrates, 40, 41, 48

history fabrication effect, 269, 334

Hitchcock, A., 222

Hobbes, T., 33, 34, 44

Hockett, C., 109, 111

holophrase, 322

Hols, E., 161

homo erectus, 18, 313

homo habilis, 11, 18, 313

homo sapiens, 18, 19, 25, 47, 113, 313

homo sapiens sapiens, 18, 19, 25, 313

homonymy, 77, 317

Horace, 159, 262

Hudson, L., 66

Huizinga, J., 14

Humboldt, W. von, 61

Hume, D., 44

Husserl, E., 44

Huxley, A., 224

hyperbole, 163

hypoicon, 74, 317

hyponymy, 77, 317

I

icon, 74, 85, 88, 126, 168, 317

iconicity, 85, 86, 87, 105, 108, 142, 143, 145, 146, 152, 185, 233, 234, 292, 317, 318

image schema, 167, 168, 169, 171, 178, 179, 180, 296, 298, 300, 301, 306, 325, 336

indeterminacy principle, 63

index, 68, 74, 86, 87, 88, 124, 141, 317

indexicality, 86, 87, 105, 146, 185, 187, 292, 317

induction, 79, 80, 168

information, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 44, 49, 50, 51, 54, 57, 59, 60, 61, 63, 69, 80, 154, 155, 164, 168, 242, 244, 268, 269, 270, 271, 273, 276, 278, 279, 286, 294, 298, 304, 315, 334

information content, 50, 51, 271, 315

innatism, 56, 315

interconnectedness principle, 117, 118, 121, 156, 165, 186, 249, 294, 306

interdisciplinarity principle, 294

interpretant, 73, 75, 317

interpretation, 3, 15, 34, 43, 47, 69, 83, 99, 166, 206, 216, 219, 249, 256, 261, 283, 285, 302, 304, 329

intertextuality, 249, 266

irony, 163, 164, 175, 177, 202, 227, 246, 308, 325

J

Jakobson, R., 45, 154, 155, 156, 324

James, W., 7, 49, 223, 263, 265

Jameson, F., 185, 267

Johns, J., 49, 246

Johnson, M., 162, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 171, 173, 175, 181

Johnson, P. C., 202

Johnson, S., 280

Johnson-Laird, P. N., 244

Jones, R., 184, 223

Joyce, J., 263

Jung, C., 15, 16, 69, 256, 279

K

Kant, I., 44

Kaplan, B., 173

Kay, P., 98, 99

Kennedy, J., 270

Khaldun, I., 5

kinestheme, 120, 199, 217, 320

kinship sphere, 30

Kluckholn, C., 22

Koen, F., 173

Koffka, K., 55

Köhler, W., 55, 107

Konner, M., 53

Kroeber, A. L., 22

Kuhn, T., 267

L

Lady Diana, 270

Lakoff, G., 61, 162, 165, 166, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 181

Langacker, R., 61, 145, 178

Langer, S., 86, 135, 169, 208

language, 3, 5, 6, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 33, 36, 37, 40, 45, 48, 50, 51, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 72, 73, 80, 84, 87, 90, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 107, 110, 112, 113, 116, 117, 119, 124, 125, 126, 128, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 161, 162, 164, 173, 174, 178, 180, 181, 183, 185, 198, 208, 212, 213, 214, 216, 217, 228, 229, 236, 239, 255, 256, 258, 277, 283, 284, 290, 291, 299, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 316, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324, 329

langue, 59, 60, 315

legal sphere, 34

legend, 189, 210, 211, 308

legisign, 73, 75, 317

Leibniz, W., 44

Lennenberg, E., 17, 62

Levine, R., 148

Lévi-Strauss, C., 235, 255, 330

lexical field, 166

linguistics, 48, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 137, 139, 150, 164, 166, 172, 174, 294, 296

Linnaeus, C., 25

literacy, 153, 241, 267, 322

litotes, 163

Locke, J., 34, 37, 44, 48, 86

Longinus, 159

Lorenz, K., 186

Louis XIV, 135

lovemap, 320

Lucian of Samosata, 223

Lyotard, J.-F., 228

M

Machiavelli, N., 33, 211

macrocode, 93

macrosemiotic, 291, 293, 294, 295, 296, 301, 336

macrosignified, 294, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 304, 306, 336

Malinowski, B., 9, 10, 158, 257

Mallery, G., 128

Mamet, D., 214

Mann, T., 262

map, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 304, 327

Marx, K., 8, 35

Mauchly, P. E., 242

McLuhan, M., 22, 241, 267, 269, 275, 276, 277, 335

McNeill, D., 126, 127

Mead, M., 9

meaning, 12, 14, 15, 18, 40, 41, 42, 43, 48, 50, 52, 54, 55, 58, 66, 67, 68, 73, 75, 76, 77, 80, 82, 83, 86, 93, 94, 95, 103, 105, 110, 113, 116, 117, 119, 127, 135, 137, 144, 148, 150, 153, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165, 172, 174, 176, 177, 181, 182, 183, 184, 187, 198, 199, 205, 212, 213, 214, 217, 219, 222, 225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 237, 240, 249, 250, 257, 258, 261, 263, 264, 272, 277, 281, 282, 291, 293, 294, 296, 297, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 309, 311, 313, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 322, 324, 325, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 336

mediate, 65, 69, 114

medium, 50, 111, 151, 207, 221, 223, 241, 252, 259, 262, 266, 267, 269, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278, 280, 291, 315, 334, 335

Méliès, G., 221

Melzac, R., 305

meme, 11, 12, 13, 313

Mendel, G. J., 7

Mercator, G., 188, 189, 191

message, 50, 51, 92, 110, 111, 126, 129, 154, 155, 188, 196, 245, 273, 276, 277, 279, 281, 303, 322, 335

metaphor, 44, 55, 66, 83, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 220, 284, 324, 325, 326, 327

metonymy, 163, 164, 175, 284, 325

Michelangelo, 133, 201, 207, 208, 220, 222

microsemiotic, 291, 301, 302, 303, 336

microsignified, 302, 336

Mill, J. S., 35

Miller, G., 60

Minsky, M., 53

model, 33, 50, 51, 79, 82, 90, 91, 92, 113, 146, 155, 156, 166, 172, 193, 223, 256, 277

modeling system, 71, 109, 317

modernism, 202, 327

Molière, 209, 211

Mona Lisa, 300

Money, J., 117

Montagu, A., 21

Montaigne, M. de, 6, 37

Moore, T., 151, 260

Morford, J. P., 125

Morgan, L. H., 8

morphology, 58, 315

Morris, C., 45, 46, 48, 68, 139, 342

Morris, D., 24, 39, 56, 104, 122, 124

music, 13, 28, 90, 91, 93, 96, 134, 135, 146, 159, 205, 206, 208, 209, 215, 216, 217, 220, 227, 228, 245, 246, 262, 298, 299, 300, 311, 319, 328, 329, 337

myth, 157, 210, 213, 248, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 290, 308, 332, 333

mythologizing effect, 269, 334

mythology, 157, 233, 237, 249, 258, 259, 260, 261, 304, 332, 333

N

Nadeau, R. L., 13

name, 19, 28, 37, 45, 62, 92, 126, 148, 150, 151, 156, 157, 175, 191, 213, 225, 234, 261, 273, 280, 281, 283, 284, 285, 300, 322, 323

naming, 87, 143, 148, 150, 151, 153, 234

narrative, 16, 19, 109, 168, 183, 199, 212, 221, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 266, 270, 274, 277, 282, 299, 308, 332, 333, 334, 337

narrative structure, 249, 252, 255, 257, 263, 332, 334

narrativity, 251, 266

narratology, 249, 257, 332

narrator, 250, 252, 263, 332

narreme, 238, 332

nation, 22, 23, 27, 221, 313, 318

natural selection, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 39, 47, 226, 313

natural sign, 42, 315

natural transmission, 50, 111

Neanderthal, 19, 313

neoteny, 8, 21, 313

neuroscience, 55, 61, 62, 63

Newton, I., 6

Niepce, N., 219

Nietzsche, F., 44, 226

Nipkow, P., 268

Noble, W., 21

noise, 50, 51, 83, 113, 123, 315

Noppen, J.-P., van, 161

nostratic, 140

Nöth, W., 63

novel, 16, 45, 107, 164, 181, 199, 224, 235, 245, 249, 250, 253, 261, 262, 263, 272, 277, 283, 332, 333, 334

O

object, 41, 43, 49, 68, 70, 73, 74, 87, 93, 108, 124, 126, 129, 143, 145, 147, 148, 162, 163, 169, 174, 176, 179, 180, 181, 207, 229, 231, 232, 234, 246, 253, 254, 317, 325, 330

objectifiable, 240

objectification, 230, 231, 232, 234, 240, 241, 244, 245, 258, 286, 299, 330, 331

objectivity, 63, 191, 241

Ockham, W. of, 43

oculareme, 320

Ogden, C. K., 55, 76

Ong, W., 182

onomastics, 150

onomatopoeia, 72, 163, 317, 323

open text, 304, 305, 336

opposition, 7, 30, 35, 276

Ortelius, A., 191

Osgood, C. E., 56, 60, 82, 173

O’Sullivan, M., 116

Oswald, L. H., 270

Othello effect, 249, 332

Outcault, R. F., 265

oxymoron, 163

P

Paget, R., 125

paleontology, 3, 313

Palmer, V., B., 280

pantomime, 209

paradigm, 9, 54, 133, 256, 267, 275

paradox, 9, 70, 163

parallelism, 12, 13, 176

parole, 59, 60, 315

Pasolini, P. P., 222

Pavlov, I., 106

Pederson, H., 140

Peirce, C. S., 40, 45, 47, 48, 49, 72, 73, 74, 75, 79, 86, 93, 103, 310, 318

performance, 59, 60, 133, 134, 206, 208, 209, 210, 215, 216, 307, 328, 330

persona, 27, 48, 116, 117, 149, 155, 222, 231, 322, 324

personification, 163, 174

perspective, 6, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 39, 56, 57, 64, 72, 73, 96, 115, 146, 149, 200, 218, 221, 244, 250, 263, 311, 328

Peruzzi, B., 201

Pfungst, O., 84

philology, 48

phoneme, 120, 137, 141, 199, 217, 238, 322

phonology, 58, 315

pictoreme, 328

Pinker, S., 56

Pirandello, L., 213

Plato, 31, 33, 36, 41, 43, 159, 206, 207, 216, 248, 274

Plautus, 210

plot, 135, 197, 210, 211, 213, 227, 249, 250, 252, 253, 254, 257, 329, 332, 333

Plotinus, 207

poetic function, 156

poetry, 16, 95, 158, 159, 205, 206, 215, 245, 262, 298, 309, 322, 324

political sphere, 29, 32, 33, 34

Pollio, H., 164

Pollio, M., 164

Polo, M., 5

pop art, 219, 246, 330, 331, 332

pop culture, 45, 266, 300

Popper, K., 23, 314

Porter, E. S., 221

positioning, 20, 281, 334, 335

postmodernism, 202, 226-28, 327

Premak, A. J., 107

Premak, D., 107

primary modeling system, 149, 317

primary sphere, 29, 35, 307, 308

Prince Charles, 270

Pronko, N. H., 60

propaganda, 278, 334

proportionality, 77, 317

Propp, V., 252, 253, 333

proto-language, 140, 323

Proust, M., 262

proxeme, 120, 121, 320

proxemics, 119

Psamtik, 138

psychoanalysis, 15, 55, 258, 313, 333

psycholinguistics, 60

psychology, 44, 49, 52, 55, 56, 78, 79, 85, 101, 105, 106, 139, 164, 259, 292

Ptolemy, 191

public relations, 278, 334

publicity, 278, 334

Pythagoras, 31, 90, 216

Q

qualisign, 73, 75, 137, 317

Quintilian, 36

R

race, 23, 25, 26, 27, 313

Radcliffe-Brown, A., 10

Ramses II, 237

Rauschenberg, R., 246

receiver, 50, 51, 145, 154, 253, 254, 268, 277, 315

recognizing state, 109

redundancy, 50, 51, 315

referent, 42, 46, 47, 68, 73, 74, 75, 76, 80, 81, 85, 88, 110, 126, 145, 147, 148, 164, 165, 315, 316, 317, 323

referential domain, 69, 126, 145, 146, 174, 184

reflex system, 145, 146, 147, 323

Reggio, G., 227

Rejlander, O. G., 220

Relativism, 8, 9, 313

relativity principle, 294

religious sphere, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 203, 300

representamen, 73, 75, 115, 317

representation, 14, 42, 43, 45, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 85, 87, 88, 90, 93, 94, 95, 109, 118, 123, 127, 129, 146, 149, 153, 154, 163, 185, 189, 190, 191, 205, 207, 217, 218, 232, 237, 249, 255, 263, 264, 267, 276, 291, 292, 297, 307, 317, 319, 337

rheme, 75, 317

rhetoric, 13, 40, 45, 174

Richards, B., 231

Richards, I. A., 55, 76, 174, 290, 343

ritual, 56, 119, 134, 156, 157, 158, 199, 236

Robinson, H. P., 16, 220, 235, 236, 238, 331

Rodgers, R., 214

Rodin, A., 133

Romano, G., 201

Romulus, 254

Rosch, E., 80, 98

Rossellini, R., 222

Rousseau, J.-J., 6, 37, 125

Rutherford, E., 79, 82

S

Sagan, C., 25

Samosata, Lucian of, 223

Sapir, E., 9, 59, 60

Sargon II, 200

Saussure, F. de, 40, 45, 47, 48, 58, 59, 60, 72, 318

Schmandt-Besserat, D., 152

scholasticism, 43

school system, 36, 37

Schultz, C., 266

science, 3, 6, 13, 23, 32, 36, 40, 41, 44, 47, 48, 49, 52, 54, 55, 58, 63, 64, 72, 82, 89, 90, 95, 101, 137, 184, 191, 192, 194, 223, 224, 225, 226, 242, 244, 249, 274, 316

Scorsese, M., 222

Scott, R., 223

Scotus, J. D., 43

Searle, J., 54, 55, 316

Sebeok, T., 45, 60, 63, 71, 83, 85, 106, 108, 111, 139

secondary modeling system, 71, 138, 317

secondary sphere, 29, 36, 308

secondness, 74, 75, 93, 94, 95, 116, 146, 187, 235, 250, 292, 296, 298, 317

semantic differential, 56, 82, 83, 317

semiology, 48, 315

semiosis, 68, 69, 70, 71, 81, 86, 87, 106, 108, 109, 137, 138, 146, 292, 317, 319

semiotics, 15, 39, 40, 45, 47, 48, 49, 52, 55, 56, 58, 61, 63, 68, 77, 78, 80, 93, 104, 106, 139, 150, 162, 172, 206, 229, 244, 252, 283, 296, 309, 315, 316

sender, 50, 51, 253, 254, 277, 315

sense ratio, 276, 277, 278, 334

sensory cognizing, 68, 71, 317

sensory knowing, 23, 70

setting, 2, 88, 132, 155, 194, 219, 250, 253, 254, 265, 293, 308, 332, 333

Seuss, Dr., 324

sex, 30, 115, 116, 118, 119, 134, 183, 184, 256, 270, 298, 299, 320, 321

sexuality, 16, 115, 116, 133, 158, 298, 299, 320

Shakespeare, W., 16, 77, 208, 209, 211, 214

Shannon, C. E., 49, 50, 51, 54

Shelley, M., 224, 245, 262

shelter, 19, 22, 185, 186, 187, 194, 195, 196, 199, 272, 327

Shibbles, W., 161

Shibiku, M., 262

Sica, V. de, 222

sign, 40, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 65, 68, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 81, 82, 85, 87, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 105, 107, 115, 116, 122, 123, 127, 128, 165, 185, 187, 188, 261, 267, 277, 291, 293, 294, 295, 301, 311, 315, 317, 318, 320, 322

sign language, 124, 127, 128, 320

signal, 51, 84, 85, 91, 110, 119, 123, 317

signification, 39, 72, 77, 83, 95, 96, 105, 114, 150, 230, 292, 293, 294, 306, 317, 318

signification principle, 294

signified, 48, 72, 73, 80, 117, 152, 189, 257, 294, 311, 317

signifier, 72, 73, 80, 85, 88, 90, 91, 117, 137, 152, 189, 216, 257, 283, 295, 300, 317, 323

signifying order, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 31, 33, 35, 39, 40, 49, 57, 63, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 74, 83, 93, 96, 97, 99, 100, 105, 114, 117, 118, 119, 121, 131, 132, 134, 137, 149, 156, 176, 181, 182, 185, 186, 194, 195, 198, 209, 214, 226, 228, 229, 230, 234, 235, 237, 238, 240, 242, 249, 257, 258, 261, 266, 276, 284, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 313, 319, 327, 332, 336

simile, 163

Simon, S., 96

Simpson, O. J., 270

Singleton, J. L., 125

sinsign, 73, 75, 317

Skinner, B. F., 173

Smith, A., 35, 151

social text, 268, 272, 273, 274, 278, 279, 285, 334, 335

society, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 22, 23, 24, 26, 34, 36, 37, 43, 57, 62, 65, 78, 88, 93, 104, 113, 115, 119, 131, 133, 134, 138, 148, 149, 150, 153, 158, 164, 185, 186, 190, 195, 197, 199, 201, 207, 209, 210, 214, 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, 222, 225, 227, 230, 233, 235, 238, 239, 245, 255, 257, 260, 261, 262, 264, 267, 268, 269, 272, 273, 275, 276, 278, 285, 286, 301, 305, 306, 307, 310, 313, 325

sociobiology, 10, 12, 13, 14, 56, 139, 296, 313

sociolinguistics, 60

Solomon, J., 39, 174

Sontag, S., 66

Sophocles, 210

sound symbolism, 144, 323

source domain, 166, 168, 171, 172, 174, 175, 178, 183, 325

speech, 17, 20, 59, 60, 62, 110, 111, 112, 124, 125, 126, 127, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 151, 152, 154, 155, 157, 162, 163, 179, 254, 255, 265, 276, 297, 311, 323, 324

Spencer, H., 8

Sperber, D., 13

Sperry, R., 62

Spielberg, S., 223

Spinoza, B., 44

Staehlin, W., 55, 173

Stern, J., 273

Stern, M., 273

Strindberg, A., 264

stoicism, 42

structural effect, 97, 101, 105, 185, 188, 189, 192, 195, 237, 241, 292, 294, 305, 317

structuralism, 315

structure, 14, 72, 79, 82, 84, 90, 91, 92, 97, 107, 113, 124, 137, 145, 148, 165, 168, 172, 177, 184, 189, 208, 209, 215, 216, 243, 249, 252, 256, 257, 284, 286, 294, 297, 302, 305, 309, 317, 328

subjective knowing, 23

subordinate level, 78, 80

subtext, 196, 212, 249, 250, 260, 261, 272, 282, 283, 286, 332

Suci, G. J., 56, 82, 173

Sullivan, L., 116, 201

surrealism, 212

Swadesh, M., 139, 140, 144

Swift, J., 272

Swinnerton, J. G., 265

syllabary, 323

syllable, 91, 92, 137

symbol, 4, 27, 74, 88, 103, 122, 153, 160, 219, 237, 240, 281, 317

symbolicity, 87, 88, 89, 107, 108, 146, 152, 188, 317

symptom, 40, 41, 46, 315, 326

synchrony, 315

synecdoche, 164, 175, 325

synesthesia, 159, 323

synonymy, 77, 317

syntax, 58, 128, 139, 315

T

Tacitus, 5, 343

tacteme, 320

tag, 155, 323

Tannenbaum, P. H., 56, 82

target domain, 166, 171, 174, 175, 325

Taylor, J. R., 178

technology, 35, 54, 63, 189, 197, 203, 219, 224, 226, 236, 240, 241, 242, 244, 268, 275, 330, 332

tenor, 164

Terence, 210

territoriality, 12, 56, 106, 119, 120, 186, 187, 194

tertiary modeling system, 71, 317

text, 3, 4, 29, 40, 43, 82, 92, 93, 105, 129, 188, 197, 199, 205, 208, 209, 211, 216, 219, 240, 241, 242, 249, 250, 256, 261, 264, 265, 267, 271, 272, 273, 274, 277, 278, 282, 283, 285, 291, 293, 294, 295, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 314, 317

theater, 49, 133, 135, 208, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 217, 223, 270, 328

theoretical semiotics, 40, 45, 46, 55, 67, 106, 297

thirdness, 74, 75, 93, 94, 95, 116, 146, 187, 235, 250, 276, 293, 296, 298, 317

tone, 82, 91, 113, 155, 159, 216, 262, 284, 335

topic, 115, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 220, 226, 234, 259, 274, 276, 325

transmission, 22, 49, 50, 110, 111, 153, 270, 275

tribe, 19, 22, 24, 29, 31, 32, 34, 39, 57, 115, 128, 195, 241, 314

trope, 162, 164, 325

Turing, A., 53, 54, 224, 225, 315, 316

Turing machine, 53, 54, 316

Turing test, 53, 54, 224, 225, 315

Tylor, E. B., 3, 4

U

Uexküll, J. von, 84, 108

unconscious, 15, 86, 158, 231, 256, 257, 282, 297, 313

universal grammar, 56, 142, 323

V

Van Gogh, V., 329

vehicle, 164, 165, 181, 325

Venturi, R., 202

Verne, J., 224

Viberg, A., 182

Vico, G., 44, 86, 101, 158, 165, 181, 205, 244, 256, 307, 308, 309, 311, 326

Vignola, G. da, 201

Vinci, L. da, 207, 300

viseme, 116, 320

Visser, M., 239

W

Waldseemüller, M., 191

Walesa, L., 275

Warhol, A., 219, 246, 329

Watson, J.B., 7, 245

Webber, A. L., 214

Weber, M., 30

Wedekind, F., 264

Wells, H. G., 224

Werner, H., 63, 129, 173

Wernicke, C., 62

Wertheimer, W., 55

Whorf, B. L., 60, 147, 148

Whorfian hypothesis, 60, 147, 315, 323, 324

Wilson, E. O., 13, 21

Winner, E., 174

Winograd, T., 229

Wittgenstein, L., 149

Woolf, V., 262, 263

Wright, F. L., 197, 201

writing, 26, 33, 35, 36, 50, 53, 62, 111, 151, 152, 153, 199, 211, 215, 224, 241, 264, 323, 324, 334

Wundt, W., 52

Y

Yancey, P., 305

Young, C., 265

Z

Zappa, F., 150

Zeno, 42

Zworykin, V., 268