BIBLIOGRAPHY

ARCHIVES

The National Archives (UK): Public Records Office (TNA: PRO)

Public Records and Archives Administration Department: National Archives of Ghana (Accra) (PRAAD: NAG (Accra))

NEWSPAPERS

Gold Coast Aborigines

Gold Coast Chronicle

Gold Coast Leader

Gold Coast Nation

BOOKS AND ARTICLES

Abourahme, Nasser. “Of Monsters and Boomerangs: Colonial Returns in the Late Liberal City.” City 22, no. 1 (2018): 106–115.

Acquah, Ione. Accra Survey: A Social Survey of the Capital of Ghana, Formerly Called the Gold Coast, Undertaken for the West African Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1953–1956. London: University of London Press, 1958.

Adas, Michael. Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.

Aguiar, Marian. Tracking Modernity: India’s Railway and the Culture of Mobility. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011.

Akyeampong, Emmanuel. “Bukom and the Social History of Boxing in Accra: Warfare and Citizenship in Precolonial Ga Society.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 35, no. 1 (2002): 39–60.

Amoako-Gyampah, Akwasi Kwarteng. “Household Sanitary Inspection, Mosquito Control and Domestic Hygiene in the Gold Coast [Ghana] from the Late-Nineteenth to the Mid-Twentieth Century.” Social History of Medicine 35, no. 1 (2021): 278–301.

———. “Inherently Diseased and Insanitary? The Health Status of the Gold Coast [Ghana] from the 18th to the late 19th Century.” Nordic Journal of African Studies 27, no. 2 (2018): 1–25.

Anand, Nikhil. “Pressure: The PoliTechnics of Water Supply in Mumbai.” Cultural Anthropology 26, no. 4 (2011): 542–564.

Appadurai, Arjun, ed. The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Asante, Kofi Takyi. “Nested Patriotism: Revisiting Collaboration, Resistance, and Agency in Colonial Ghana.” International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society 33, no. 3 (2020): 347–364.

Austin, Gareth. “Capitalists and Chiefs in the Cocoa Hold-ups in South Asante, 1927–1938.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 21, no. 1 (1988): 63–95.

Balakrishnan, Sarah. Anticolonial Public: From Slavery to Independence in Southern Ghana, c. 1500–1957. PhD diss., Harvard University, 2020.

———. “Building the Ancestral Public: Cemeteries and the Necropolitics of Property in Colonial Ghana.” Journal of Social History (2022): 1–25.

Barber, Karin. Africa’s Hidden Histories: Everyday Literacy and Making the Self. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006.

Barbot, John. A Description of the Coasts of North and South Guinea. (Translated from French.) Churchill’s Collection of Voyages and Travels, Vol. 5. London, 1732. In Pageant of Ghana. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.

Bashford, Allison. Imperial Hygiene: A Critical History of Colonialism, Nationalism, and Public Health (New York: Palgrave Macmillan), 2003.

Bauer, P. T. West African Trade: A Study of Competition, Oligopoly, and Monopoly in a Changing Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

Bayart, Jean-Francois. “African in the World: A History of Extraversion.” African Affairs 99, no. 395 (2000): 217–267.

Berry, Sara. “Hegemony on a Shoestring: Indirect Rule and Access to Agricultural Land.” Africa 62, no. 3 (1992): 327–355.

Bigon, Liora, and Yossi Katz, eds. Garden Cities and Colonial Planning: Transnationality and Urban Ideas in Africa and Palestine. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2014.

Bin-Kasim, Waseem-Ahmed. Sanitary Segregation: Cleansing Accra and Nairobi, 1908–1963. PhD diss., Washington University, 2019.

Bissell, William Cunningham. “Between Fixity and Fantasy: Assessing the Spatial Impact of Colonial Urban Dualism.” Journal of Urban History 37 (2011): 208–229.

———. Urban Design, Chaos, and Colonial Power in Zanzibar. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011.

Bloom, Peter J., and Kate Skinner. “Modernity and Danger: The Boy Kumasenu and the Work of the Gold Coast Film Unit.” Ghana Studies 12 (2009): 121–153.

Bremner, G. A. “Introduction: Architecture, Urbanism, and British Imperial Studies.” In Architecture and Urbanism in the British Empire. Edited by G. A. Bremner. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.

Brooks, George. EurAfricans in Western Africa: Commerce, Social Status, Gender, and Religious Observance from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2014.

Burke, Timothy. Lifebuoy Men, Lux Women: Commodification, Consumption, and Cleanliness in Modern Zimbabwe. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1996.

Burton, Antoinette. “The Unfinished Business of Colonial Modernities,” In Gender, Sexuality and Colonial Modernities. Edited by Antoinette Burton. New York: Routledge, 1999.

Casely-Hayford, J. E. Gold Coast Native Institutions. London, Sweet and Maxwell, 1903.

Clark, Gracia. Onions Are My Husband: Survival and Accumulation By West African Market Women. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.

Clifford, Lady, ed. Our Days on the Gold Coast in Ashanti, in the Northern Territories, and the British Sphere of Occupation in Togoland. London: J. Murray, 1919.

Coe, Cati. Dilemmas of Culture in African Schools: Youth, Nationalism, and the Transformation of Knowledge. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.

Cole, Catherine. Ghana’s Concert Party Theatre. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.

Cole, Festus. “Sanitation, Disease, and Public Health in Sierra Leone, West Africa, 1895–1922: Case Failure of British Colonial Health Policy.” Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 43, no. 2 (2015): 238–266.

Collingwood, E. M., Imperial Bodies: The Physical Experience of the Raj, c. 1800–1947 (London: Polity), 2001.

Comaroff, Jean, and John L. Comaroff, Theory from the South: or, how Euro-America is evolving toward Africa. Boulder, Paradigm, 2012.

Cooper, Frederick. Africa Since 1940: The Past of the Present. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

———. Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2005.

———. On the African Waterfront: Urban Disorder and the Transformation of Work in Colonial Mombasa. New York: ACLS Humanities E-book, 2014.

———. Struggle for the City: Migrant Labor, Capital, and the State in Urban Africa. New York: Sage, 1993.

Crinson, Mark. “Imperial Modernism,” In Architecture and Urbanism in the British Empire. Edited by G. A. Bremner. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.

Crowder, Michael. “Indirect Rule—French and British Style.” Africa 34, no. 3 (July 1964): 197–205.

Curtin, Philip. “Medical Knowledge and Urban Planning in Tropical Africa.” American Historical Review 90, no. 3 (1985): 594–613.

Dakubu, Mary Esther Kropp. Korle Meets the Sea: A Sociolinguistic History of Accra. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Daston, Lorraine. Rules: A Short History of What We Live By. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2022.

de Boeck, Filip. “Infrastructure: Commentary from Filip de Boeck,” Cultural Anthropology 2012 (2012).

Demissie, Fassil. Colonial Architecture and Urbanism in Africa: Intertwined and Contested Histories. Routledge: New York, 2016.

Dickson, Kwamina. A Historical Geography of Ghana. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974.

Dumett, Raymond. “African Merchants of the Gold Coast, 1860–1905: Dynamics of Indigenous Entrepreneurship.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 25, no. 4 (October 1983): 661–693.

———. “The Campaign against Malaria and the Expansion of Scientific Medical and Sanitary Services in British West Africa, 1898–1910.” African Historical Studies 1, no. 2 (1968): 153–197.

Easterling, Keller. Extrastatecraft: The Power of Infrastructure Space. New York: Verso, 2014.

Echenberg, Myron. Plague Ports: The Global Impact of Bubonic Plague, 1894–1901. New York: New York University Press, 2007.

Edwards, Paul. “Infrastructure and Modernity: Force, Time, and Social Organization in the History of Sociotechnical Systems.” In Modernity and Technology. Edited by Thomas J. Misa, Philip Brey, and Andrew Feenberg. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003: 185–225.

Enwezor, Okwui. Under Siege: Four African Cities. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2002.

Fair, Laura. Pastimes and Politics: Culture, Community, and Identity in Post-Abolition Urban Zanzibar, 1890–1945. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2001.

———. Reel Pleasures: Cinema Audiences and Entrepreneurs in Twentieth Century Urban Tanzania. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2018.

Feld, Steven. Jazz Cosmopolitanism in Accra: Five Musical Years in Ghana. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012.

Ferguson, James. Expectations of Modernity: Myths and Meanings of Urban Life on the Zambian Copperbelt. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1999.

Field, Margaret. Search for Security: An Ethno-Psychiatric Study of Rural Ghana. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1964.

Fielding-Ould, R. “Observations at Freetown, Accra, and Lagos,” Memorial Liverpool School of Medicine 2, no. 53 (1900).

Fortescue, Dominic. “The Accra Crowd, the Asafo, and the Opposition to the Municipal Corporations Ordinance, 1924–25.” Canadian Journal of African Studies 3 (1990): 348–375.

Fry, E. Maxwell. “European Importation,” Progressive Architecture. December 1962, 83–86.

———. “Town Planning in West Africa.” African Affairs 45, no. 181 (October 1946): 197–204.

Fyfe, Paul. By Accident or Design: Writing the Victorian Metropolis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.

Gandy, Matthew. “Planning, Anti-planning and the Infrastructure Crisis Facing Metropolitan Lagos.” Urban Studies 43, no. 2 (February 2006): 371–396.

Gewald, Jan-Bart. “Missionaries, Hereros, and Motorcars: Mobility and the Impact of Motor Vehicles before 1940.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 35, no. 2/3 (2002): 257–285.

Grace, Joshua. “Poop,” Somatosphere (2017), http://somatosphere.net/2017/poop.html/.

Grier, Beverly. “Cocoa Marketing in Colonial Ghana: Capitalist Enterprise and the Emergence of a Rural African Bourgeoisie.” Ufahamu 10, no. 1/2 (1980): 89–115.

Griffith, William Brandford. Ordinances of the Gold Coast Colony in Force June, 1898, Vol. 2. London: Stevens & Sons, 1898.

Guggisberg, Gordon. The Keystone. London: Waterlow & Sons, 1924.

Guldi, Jo. Roads to Power: Britain Invents the Infrastructure State. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.

Gundona, Sylvester. Coping with This Scourge: The State, Leprosy, and the Politics of Public Health in Colonial Ghana, 1900-Mid 1950s. Austin: University of Texas, 2015.

Harris, Richard, and Susan Parnell. “The Turning Point in Urban Policy for British Colonial Africa, 1939–1945.” In Colonial Architecture and Urbanism in Africa: Intertwined and Contested Histories. New York: Routledge, 2017.

Hart, Francis. The Gold Coast: Its Wealth and Health. London: Ereckson’s, 1904.

Hart, Jennifer. Ghana on the Go: African Mobility in the Age of Motor Transportation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2016.

———. “Motor Transportation, Trade Unionism, and the Culture of Work in Colonial Ghana.” International Review of Social History 59 (2014): 185–209.

Hart, Keith. “Informal Income Opportunities and Urban Employment in Ghana.” Journal of Modern African Studies 11, no. 1 (1973): 61–89.

Harvey, Penny, and Hannah Knox. Roads: An Anthropology of Infrastructure and Expertise. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2015.

Hawthorn, Nathaniel, ed. Journal of an African Cruiser by an Officer of the U.S. Navy, London, 1845. In Pageant of Ghana, edited by Freda Wolfson. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.

Headrick, Daniel. Power over Peoples: Technology, Environments, and Western Imperialism, 1400 to the Present. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.

———. The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981.

Hill, Polly. The Migrant Cocoa Farmers of Southern Ghana. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.

Hirt, Sonia A. “Premodern, Modern, Postmodern? Placing New Urbanism into a Historical Perspective.” Journal of Planning History 8, no. 3 (August 2009): 248–273.

Hodge, Joseph Morgan. Triumph of the Expert: Agrarian Doctrines of Development and the Legacies of British Colonialism. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2007.

Holston, James. The Modernist City: An Anthropological Critique of Brasilia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.

Home, Robert. “Colonial Urban Planning in Anglophone Africa.” In Urban Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa: Colonial and Post-Colonial Planning Cultures. Edited by Carlos Nunes Silva. New York: Routledge, 2015: 53–66.

Home, Robert, and Anthony D. King, “Urbanism and Master Planning: Configuring the Colonial City.” In Architecture and Urbanism in the British Empire. Edited by G. A. Bremner. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.

Horton, James Africanus B. West African Countries and Peoples, British and Native: With the requirements necessary for establishing that self-government recommended by the committee of the House of Commons, 1865; and a vindication of the African race. London: WJ, 1868.

Hunt, Nancy Rose. Colonial Lexicon: Of Birth Ritual, Medicalization, and Mobility in the Congo. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999.

Huntley, Sir Henry. Seven Years’ Service of the Slave Coast of Western Africa. 2 vols. London, 1850. In Freda Wolfson, Pageant of Ghana. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.

Ipsen, Pernille. Koko’s Daughters: Danish Men Marrying Ga Women in an Atlantic Slave Trading Port in the Eighteenth Century. PhD diss., Kobenhavns Universistet, 2008.

Jackson, Iain, and Ola Oduku, “Sub-Saharan Africa.” In Architecture and Urbanism in the British Empire, edited by G. A. Bremner. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016: 393–422.

Jackson, Iain, and Rexford Assasie Oppong. “The Planning of Late Colonial Village Housing in the Tropics: Tema Manhean, Ghana.” Planning Perspectives 29, no. 4 (2014): 475–499.

Jacobs, Jane. Edge of Empire: Postcolonialism and the City. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Kilson, Marion. African Urban Kinsmen: The Ga of Central Accra. London, St. Martin’s, 1974.

———. Kpele Lala: Ga Religious Songs and Symbols. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971.

Klaeger, Gabriel. “Introduction: The Perils and Possibilities of African Roads” Africa 83, no. 3 (2013): 359–366.

Konadu, Kwasi. Our Own Way in This Part of the World: Biography of an African Community, Culture, and Nation. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2019.

Korieh, Chima J. “’May it Please Your Honor’: Letters of Petition as Historical Evidence in an African Colonial Context.” History in Africa 37 (2010): 83–106.

Larkin, Brian. “The Politics and Poetics of Infrastructure,” Annual Review of Anthropology 42 (2013): 327–343.

———. Signal and Noise: Media, Infrastructure, and Urban Culture in Nigeria. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.

Lawrance, Benjamin. Locality, Mobility, and “Nation”: Periurban Colonialism in Togo’s Eweland, 1900–1960. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2007.

Lawrance, Benjamin, Emily Lynn Osborn, and Richard Roberts, eds. Intermediaries, Interpreters, and Clerks: African Employees in the Making of Colonial Africa. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2006.

Lefebvre, Henri. Le Droit à la ville. Paris: Anthropos, 1968.

———. The Production of Space. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, 1992.

Li, Tania Murray. “Beyond ‘The State’ and Failed Schemes.” American Anthropologist 107, no. 3 (September 2005): 383–394.

Liscombe, Rhodri Windsor. “Modernism in Late Imperial British West Africa: The Work of Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew, 1946–1956.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 65, no. 2 (June 2006): 210–228.

Livingston, Julie. Improvising Medicine: An African Oncology Ward in an Emerging Cancer Epidemic. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012.

Lorang, Kwaku Larbi. Writing Ghana, Imagining Africa: Nation and African Modernity. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2004.

Lugard, Frederick. The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa. London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1922.

Lupack, Alan. “Vortigern,” The Camelot Project: A Robbins Library Digital Project. University of Rochester. Accessed October 9, 2020. https://d.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/theme/Vortigern” https://d.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/theme/Vortigern.

Lyons, Maryinez. The Colonial Disease: A Social History of Sleeping Sickness in Northern Zaire, 1900–1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Mamdani, Mahmood. Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018.

Manful, Kuukuwa. “Afterword: Theorizing the Politics of Unformal(ized) Architectures.” In Architecture and Politics in Africa: Making, Living, and Imagining Identities through Buildings. Rochester, NY: James Currey, 2022.

Marr, Stephen. “Worlding and Wilding: Lagos and Detroit as Global Cities.” Race and Class 57, no. 4 (2016): 3–21.

Masquelier, Adeline. “Road Mythographies: Space, Mobility, and the Historical Imagination in Postcolonial Niger.” American Ethnologist 29, no. 4 (2002): 829–865.

Mavhunga, Clapperton. Transient Workspaces: Technologies of Everyday Innovation in Zimbabwe. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014.

———, ed. What Do Science, Technology, and Innovation Mean from Africa? Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2017.

———. “Which Mobility for (Which) Africa? Beyond Banal Mobilities.” In Mobility in History: Reviews and Reflections, edited by Peter Norton, Gijs Mom, Liz Millward, and Mathieu Flonneau. Neuchâtel, Switzerland: Éditions Alphil-Presses universitaires suisses, 2011, 73–84.

Mayne, Alan. Slums: The History of a Global Injustice. London: Reaktion, 2017.

McCaskie, T. C. Asante Identities: History and Modernity in an African Village 1850–1950. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2000.

McClintock, Anne. Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest. New York: Routledge, 1995.

McFarlane, Colin. “Governing the Contaminated City: Infrastructure and Sanitation in Colonial and Post-Colonial Bombay.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32, no. 2 (June 2008): 415–435.

Meagher, Kate. “Crisis, Informalization, and the Urban Informal Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Development and Change 26, no. 2 (1995): 259–284.

———. “Introduction: Special Issue on ‘Informal Institutions and Development in Africa,” Afrika Spectrum 42, no. 3 (2007): 405–418.

Mika, Marissa. Africanizing Oncology: Creativity, Crisis, and Cancer in Uganda. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2022.

Mitchell, Timothy. Colonizing Egypt. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1991.

———. The Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2002.

Murillo, Bianca. “Ideal Homes and the Gender Politics of Consumerism in Postcolonial Ghana, 1960–70.” Gender & History 21, no. 3 (November 2009): 560–575.

———. Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2017.

———. “The Modern Shopping Experience: Kingsway Department Store and Consumer Politics in Ghana.” Africa 82, no. 3 (2012): 368–392.

Murray, Martin. The Urbanism of Exception: The Dynamics of Global City Building in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.

Murunga, Godwin Rapando. “Review of Verandas of Power: Colonialism and Space in Urban Africa.” African Sociological Review 8, no. 1 (2004): 208–211.

Myers, Garth. Rethinking Urbanism: Lessons from Postcolonialism and the Global South. Bristol: Bristol University Press, 2020.

———. Verandahs of Power: Colonialism and Space in Urban Africa. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2003.

Myers, Garth Andrew, and Makame Ali Muhair, “The Afterlife of the Lanchester Plan: Zanzibar as the Garden City of Tomorrow.” In Garden Cities and Colonial Planning: Transnationality and Urban Ideas in Africa and Palestine, edited by Liora Bigon and Yossi Katz. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2014: 99–120.

Newell, Stephanie. Histories of Dirt: Media and Urban Life in Colonial Ghana. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2020.

———. Literary Culture in Colonial Ghana: How to Play the Game of Life. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002.

———. “Newspapers, New Spaces, New Writers: The First World War and Print Culture in Colonial Ghana.” Research in African Literatures 40, no. 2 (Summer 2009): 1–15.

Njoh, Ambe J. Planning Power: Town Planning and Social Control in Colonial Africa. London: UCL Press, 2007.

Ochonu, Moses. Colonial Meltdown: Northern Nigeria in the Great Depression. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2009.

Odotei, Irene. “External Influences on Ga Society and Culture.” Research Review NS 7, no. 1–2 (1991): 61–71.

Oliver, Paul. “Vernacular Know-How,” Material Culture 18, no. 3 (Fall 1986): 113–126.

Osei-Boateng, Clara, and Edward Ampratwum. “The Informal Sector in Ghana,” Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Ghana Office. October 2011. https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/ghana/10496.pdf.

Osei-Tutu, John Kwadwo. The Asafoi (Socio-Military Groups) in the History and Politics of Accra (Ghana) from the 17th to the 20th Century. African Studies Series No. 3 Trondheim: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2000.

Osseo-Asare, Abena Dove. Atomic Junction: Nuclear Power in Africa after Independence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.

———. Bitter Roots: The Search for Healing Plants in Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.

Packer, Jeremy. Mobility without Mayhem: Safety, Cars, and Citizenship. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.

Parker, John. In My Time of Dying: A History of Death and the Dead in West Africa. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2021.

———. Making the Town: Ga State and Society in Early Colonial Accra. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2000.

Patterson, K. David. Health in Colonial Ghana: Disease, Medicine, and Socio-Economic Change, 1900–1955. Waltham, MA: Crossroads, 1981.

———. “Health in Urban Ghana: The Case of Accra 1900–1940.” Social Science and Medicine 13, no. 4 (December 1979): 251–268.

Pearce, R. D. The Turning Point in Africa: British Colonial Policy 1938–48. London: Frank Cass, 1982.

Peil, Margaret. Cities and Suburbs: Urban Life in West Africa. New York: Africana, 1981.

Pellow, Deborah. “Group and Grid: Zongos and the British.” Architext 7 (2019): 80–93.

———. Landlords and Lodgers: Socio-Spatial Organization in an Accra Community. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

———. Women in Accra: Options for Autonomy. Algonac, MI: Reference, 1977.

Pellow, Deborah, and Naomi Chazan, Ghana: Coping with Uncertainty. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1986.

Pels, Peter. “The Anthropology of Colonialism: Culture, History, and the Emergence of Western Governmentality.” Annual Review of Anthropology 26 (1997): 163–183.

Perera, Nihal. “The Planners’ City: The Construction of a Town Planning Perception of Colombo.” Environment and Planning A 40 (2008): 57–73.

Peter, Marris, “The Meaning of Slums and Patterns of Change.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 3, no. 1–3 (1979): 419–441.

Phokaides, Petros. “Detropicalizing Africa: Architecture Planning and Climate in the 1950s and 1960s.” docomomo 48 (2013/1): 76–82.

Plageman, Nate. “’Accra Is Changing Isn’t It?’: Urban Infrastructure, Independence, and Nation in the Gold Coast’s Daily Graphic.” International Journal of African Historical Studies 43, no. 1 (2010): 137–159.

———. “Colonial Ambition, Common Sense Thinking, and the Making of Takoradi Harbor, Gold Coast.” History in Africa 40 (2013): 317–352.

———. Highlife Saturday Night: Popular Music and Social Change in Urban Ghana. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012.

Porter, Libby. Unlearning the Colonial Cultures of Planning. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2010.

Quayson, Ato. Oxford Street, Accra: City Life and the Itineraries of Transnationalism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2014.

Rankin, John. Healing the African Body: British Medicine in West Africa, 1800–1860. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2015.

Ray, Carina. Crossing the Color Line: Race, Sex, and the Contested Politics of Colonialism in Ghana. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2015.

Rhodie, Sam. “The Gold Coast Cocoa Hold-Up of 1930–31.” Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana 9 (1968): 105–118.

Roberts, Jonathan. “Korle and the Mosquito: Histories and Memories of the Anti-Malaria Campaign in Accra, 1942–5.” Journal of African History 51 (2010): 343–365.

———. “Medical Exchange on the Gold Coast during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries.” Canadian Journal of African Studies 45, no. 3 (2011): 480–523.

———. Sharing the Burden of Sickness: A History of Healing and Medicine in Accra. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2021.

———. “The Black Death in the Gold Coast: African and British Responses to the Bubonic Plague Epidemic of 1908.” Gateway Journal 3 (2003): 1–51.

Robertson, Claire. Sharing the Same Bowl: A Socioeconomic History of Women and Class in Accra, Ghana. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1984.

Roitman, Janet. Fiscal Disobedience: An Anthropology of Economic Regulation in Central Africa. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005.

Ross, Kristin. Fast Cars, Clean Bodies: Decolonization and the Reordering of French Culture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.

Ryan, Alan. “Liberal Imperialism.” The Making of Modern Liberalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.

Sackeyfio-Lenoch, Naaborko. The Politics of Chieftaincy: Authority and Property in Colonial Ghana, 1920–1950. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2014.

Satia, Priya. Time’s Monsters: How History Makes History. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2020.

Schauert, Paul. Staging Ghana: Artistry and Nationalism in State Dance Ensembles. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2015.

Scott, James. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999.

Seiler, Cotton. Republic of Drivers: A Cultural History of Automobility in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008.

Sharan, Awadhendra. “In the City, Out of Place: Environment and Modernity, Delhi 1860s to 1960s.” Economic and Political Weekly, 41, no. 47 (November–December 2006): 4905–4911.

Silva, Carlos Nunes. “Urban Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Overview.” In Urban Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa: Colonial and Post-Colonial Planning Cultures, edited by Carlos Nunes Silva. New York: Routledge, 2015: 8–40.

Simone, Abdoumaliq. “Straddling the Divides: Remaking Associational Life in the Informal African City.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 25, no. 1 (2001): 102–117.

Simpson, W. J. A Treatise on Plague: Dealing with the Historical, Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Preventive Aspects of the Disease (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 1905.

Srivastava, Sanjay. Entangled Urbanism: Slum, Gated Community, and Shopping Mall in Delhi and Gurgaon. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Stacey, Paul. State of Slum: Precarity and Informal Governance at the Margins in Accra. London: Zed, 2021.

Stanley, Henry Morton. Coomassie and Magdala: The Story of Two British Campaigns in Africa. London: Low, 1874.

Stoler, Ann L. Along the Archival Grain: Epistemic Anxieties and Colonial Common Sense. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.

———. “Colonial Archives and the Arts of Governance.” Archival Science 2 (2002): 87–109.

———. Duress: Imperial Durabilities in Our Times. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2016.

———. “Tense and Tender Ties: The Politics of Comparison in North American History and (Post)Colonial Studies.” Journal of American History 88, no. 3 (December 2001): 829–865.

Tallie, T. J. Queering Colonial Natal: Indigeneity and the Violence of Belonging in South Africa. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019.

Tilley, Helen. Africa as a Living Laboratory: Empire, Development, and the Problem of Scientific Knowledge, 1870–1950. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.

———. Ordering Africa: Anthropology, European Imperialism, and the Politics of Knowledge. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2007.

Trevallion, B. A. W., and Alan G. Hood. Accra: A Plan for the Town. Accra: Government Printer, 1958.

Tsey, Komla. From Head-Loading to the Iron Horse: Railway Building in Colonial Ghana and the Origins of Tropical Development. Bamenda, Cameroon: Langaa RPCIG, 2012.

Uduku, Ola. “Modernist Architecture and ‘the Tropical’ in West Africa: The Tropical Architecture Movement in West Africa, 1948–1970.” Habitat International 30, no. 3 (September 2006): 396–411.

van Beusekom, Monica. Negotiating Development: African Farmers and Colonial Experts at the Office du Niger, 1920–1960. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2002.

Vanderbeek, Michael, and Clara Irazabal, “New Urbanism as a New Modernist Movement: A Comparative Look at Modernism and New Urbanism.” TDSR 19, no. 1 (2007): 41–58.

Vaughan, Megan. Curing Their Ills: Colonial Power and African Illness. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991.

Walkowitz, Judith. City of Dreadful Delight: Narratives of Sexual Danger in Late-Victorian London. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.

White, Luise. The Comforts of Home: Prostitution in Colonial Nairobi. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.

———. Speaking with Vampires: Rumor and History in Colonial Africa. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2000.

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