Index

Abduction, 71, 73, 108, 152

Almeder, Robert, 134-35, 219n

Anthropic cosmological principle, 59

Argand circle, 91, 92-93

Aristotle, 86, 154, 173

Asymptote: in Peirce’s theory of knowledge, 29, 80, 95, 147, 220-21n; and Cantor sets, 41. See also Convergence

Atemporality, 17, 91

Automatization-embedment: of sign activity, 70, 71, 73, 77, 90, 114, 133, 145, 209n. See also Autopoiesis; Maturana and Varela

Autopoiesis, 120; autonomous-autopoietic nature of living organisms, 88. See also Maturana; Maturana and Varela; Varela

Baer, Eugen, 185

Bateson, Gregory, 76; deutero-learning, 123; schismogenesis, 139

Beckett, Samuel, 142

Becoming, 73, 137-38. See also Process; Continuity

Berkeley, George, 48, 82, 171, 173

Bernstein, Richard, 140

Binary machine, 63-65. See also Deleuze; Guattari; Schizoanalysis

Bio-nootemporality, 91, 93, 107, 144

Biotemporality, 17. See also Atemporality; Eotemporality; Nootemporality; Prototemporality

Block universe, 2o8n. See also Minkowski “block” universe

Bohm, David, x, 31-58, 87-88, 119, 122, 142, 144, 154, 21 In, 217n; classical and postclassical character of quantum mechanics, 38; dye drop analogy, 33, 48, 50-51, 145; experience of motion, 50-51; music analogy, 54ff; quantum interconnectedness, 31-58; stroboscope experiments, 55ff. See also Implicate order; Enfolded; Hologram; Holomovement

Bohr, Niels, xi, 16, 29, 37, 170, 218n. See also Complementarity

Boltzmann, Ludwig, 119

Book of assertions: in Peirce’s philosophy of logic, x, xi, 2-4, 6, 17, 20, 79, 84, 136, 183. See also Cuts; Existential graphs; Logic, of relatives; Logic, of vagueness; Nothingness; Spencer-Brown

Borges, Jorge Luis, 28, 82-83, 142, 173, 180, 2i5n, 2i7n; Borges’s other, 28-29

Born, Max, 16

Bottomless lake: Peirce’s metaphor of consciousness, 53ff, 112; conjoined with Bohr’s trope of the universe, 74

Bradley, Francis, 82, 119

Broglie, Louis de, xi, 15, 39, 154, 156

Buber, Martin, 176-77

Buddhism, 70, 146

Cantor, Georg, 39-41; the alephs, 44, 217n. See also Infinity

Cartesian: introspection, 150-51; -Newtonian world model, 48, 70, 72, 153, 169; brainmind split, 24, no, 112-13, 132, 216n

Catastrophe theory, 60. See also Thom

Chaos: regarding randomness and disorder, 62, 213n

Chew, Geoffrey, 212n

Chomsky, Noam, 60, 67, 163

Chronon, 208n

Cognition, 42; and feeling-volition, 25-27

Collapse: of wave packet, 45

Comfort, Alex, 142-43

Community: of knowers, in Peirce’s theory of knowledge, ix, 80, 95, 97, 128, 176, 209n, 220-21n. See also Convergence; Asymptote

Complementarity, x, 5, 16, 20, 23, 29-30, 37, 39, 93, 128, 131, 137, 139, 140, 154, 166, 189, 204, 209n. See also Bohr; Copenhagen, interpretation

Consciousness, 5, 208n; activity of in Bohm’s theory, 55; becoming of, 26; continuity of, 56; and continuity, 42; continuous extension in space, 7, 46-47; embraces an interval of time, 42; immediate, 52, 56; infinitely regressive, 143; and law of mind, 6-7; mediacy of, 6-7, 25-27, 51-52, 150; and map paradox, 156; quantum world depends upon, 212n. See also Continuity; Continuity-discontinuity; Continuum

Continuity, 19, 51, 54-55, 125, 131, 187; of consciousness, 7, 52-53, 56, 104-105, 150; of mind, 7; of time, 24

Continuity-discontinuity, x, 1, 5-6, 35-36, 44, 49, 177; and Zeno’s Achilles paradox, 6

Continuum, 4, 10; and Cantor sets, 39-42; and mathematics, 56; mind spreads in, 46; of possibilia, 1-2, 8; and quantum world, 12-14; of space-time, 8

Convergence: regarding Peirce’s theory of knowledge, 2, 6, 44, 208n. See also Asymptote

Copenhagen: interpretation of quantum mechanics, x, 18, 31, 38, 46, 211n, 218n

Copernicus, 21, 72

Cosmos ≈ Sign ≈ Mind, 131, 146, 181. See also Man ≈ Sign

Counterfactuals, 2

Cuts: regarding Peirce’s philosophy of logic, x, 2-3, 10-11, 18, 49, 52, 70, 76-77, 81, 103, 136, 153, 189, 195, 197, 207-2o8n. See also Book of assertions; Logic, of vagueness; Nothingness; Spencer-Brown

Cybernetics, 59

Dantzig, Tobias, 49

Dedekind, Richard, 39, 44; Dedekind cut, 4, 10, 40-41

Deleuze, Gilles, x, 80, 144, 166, 198, 211n. See also Guattari

Deleuze and Guattari: disjunctive synthesis, connective synthesis, and negatively conjunctive synthesis, 86-91, 216n. See also Schizoanalysis

Demand: biological, 108-11. See also Desire; Need

Derrida, Jacques, 7, 27, 76, 158, 190, 214n

Descartes, Rene, 21, 32, 53, 72-73; thinking substance and extended substance, 53

Desire: individual, 108-11. See also Demand; Need

Desiring machines, 87. See also Deleuze; Guattari; Deleuze and Guattari

DeWitt, Bryce S., 93

Dialogic, 27, 28-29, 99-100, 140, 176-77. See also Self; Other

Dirac, P. A. C., 39

Discontinuity: and quantum theory, 14

Double-slit Gedanken experiment, 16, 37, 44-46, 210n

Dyad: relative to monad and triad, 1. See also Firstness-Secondness-Thirdness; Monad

Dunne, J. W., 143, 181, 221n

Eco, Umberto: on mirrors, 69-70

Eddington, Arthur, xi, 102, 142, 148-50, 157, 217n

Eigen, Manfred, 123

Einstein, Albert, xi, 13, 16, 21, 31, 72, 129, 152-53, 175, 207-208n, 21on

Enfolded: counterpart to Bohm’s unfolded, 32ff, 73, 211n

Eotemporality, 17, 87, 91, 119, 131. See also Atemporality; Biotemporality; Nootemporality; Prototemporality

Escher, Mavrits C., 4, 144

Excluded-middle principle, 204

Existential graphs, 79, 199-200. See also Cuts

Expectations, ix, 25

Experience: relative to intellection, 3-4

Explicate order. See Implicate order

Fallacy: of simple location, 9

Fallibilism, 4

Feeling: in relation to cognition and volition, 25-27

Feyerabend, Paul, 20

Feynman, Richard, 118

Firstness, 38, 58, 82

Firstness-Secondness-Thirdness: Peirce’s categories, 1, 9, 13, 20, 24, 32, 34-35, 47, 66, 68, 71, 76-79, 83-86, 93, 96, 106, 108-10, 115-16, 123, 133, 135, 145, 155, 158-63, 166-70, 177-78, 186, 192-93, 205-206, 214-15n; relations between, 158-63; semiotic paths corresponding to, 159-63. See also Consciousness; Semiosis; Semiotically real

Flatland, 208n; Flatlander and two-dimensional perception, 4; Flatlander relative to Linelander, 91-92; and Spherelan-der, 34

Fodor, Jerry, 67

Foucault, Michel, 76

Fraser, J. T., 17-18

Frege, Gottlob, 184

Freud, Sigmund, 21, 27, 184, 221n

Frisch, Karl von, 214n. See also Umwelt

Gadamer, Hans-Georg, 190

Gardner, Howard, 163

Generacy-degeneracy: of signs, 76-79, 205-206. See also Automatization-embedment

General system theory, 59

Generality, x, 1, 19-24, 68, 98, 101, 118—19, 126, 129, 131, 145, 150, 156, 178-79, 205-206; incompleteness of, 82-83, 90. See also Vagueness

Gödel, Kurt, 144, 147, 193, 203, 215n, 222n; Gödelian sentence, 61

Grünbaum, Adolf, 52; on quantized space-time, 12-14

Guattari, Félix, x, 62-66, 80, 144, 166, 198. See also Deleuze; Schizoanalysis

Habit, 19, 25, 53, 71-72, 126, 141, 195, 209n; and morphic fields, 212-13n. See also Law; Firstness-Secondness-Thirdness; Regularity

Hacking, Ian: style of reasoning, 194-95

Hartshorne, Charles, x, 8, 15, 31, 44, 46, 52, 76-77, 81, 85-86, 170-71; critique of Peirce, 36ff; and Sheffer’s “stroke” function, 201-204

Heidegger, Martin, 190

Heisenberg, Werner, xi, 16, 64, 86, 157, 212n; matrix mechanics, 39; uncertainty principle, 128

Heraclitus, 21, 74, 76, 128-29

Hidden variables, 38, 211n

Hjelmslev, Louis, 62

Hodon, 208n

Hofstadter, Douglas, 124, 217n; tangled hierarchy, 168

Hologram, 68, 146, 156; Bohm’s model of the universe and Pribram’s model of the brain-mind, 34ff, 46-47, 54

Holomovement: in Bohm’s cosmology, 35-36, 44, 48-49, 53, 122, 185

Hookway, Christopher, 81

Hume, David, 82, 165, 171, 173

Huxley, Aldous, 151

Hylopathy, 132

Hypercycles, 123

Hypoicons, 116

I-me-ego, 25-28

Icon, 66-68

Imaginary time, 92, 142

Imaginary value, 80. See also Spencer-Brown; Cuts; Mark of distinction

Immanence, 20

Implicate order: counterpart to Bohm’s explicate order, 32ff, 40, 44, 47, 50, 54-55, 60, 87, 135-36, 181; implicate-explicate, 211n; and Deleuze and Guattari, 213-14n. See also Bohm; Enfolded

Incompleteness. See Generality

Inconsistency. See Vagueness

Indeterminacy, 4, 20-22

Index, 66-68

Infinity: two kinds of, 40; Cantor sets, 39-42; infinite regressus and infinite pro-gressus, 80, 191

Interpretant: final, 19, 24, 36, 41, 44, 140; logical, x; relation to object and representamen, 27; as self-referential, self-sufficient, and self-confirmatory, 76

Interpreter, x, 20

James, William, 11, 132, 149-50, 158; “drops of experience,” 39

Jeans, James, 153-54, 175, 181; river metaphor, 212n; universe as great thought, 48

Jenny, Hans, 137, 142

Kant, Immanuel, 102, 111

Kauffman, Louis, 11

Knowledge: two modes of, 151-54

Korzybski, Alfred, 147

Kuhn, Thomas, 71-72

Lacan, Jacques, 62, 76, 78, 93, 217n

Lakatos, Imre, 161

Lashley, Karl, 211n

Law, 19, 24, 125-26, 141, 150, 174; of mind, 13-14, 46, 141. See also Habit; Regularity

Legato-staccato, 44; and continuity-discontinuity, 86

Logic: quantum, 210n; of relatives, 81-86, 176; time-dependent, 208n; of the universe, 1-2, 34-35; of vagueness, 1; and Bohm’s cosmology, 34, 36, 38, 125-27. See also Continuum; Nothingness

Logical types: theory of, 8, 188-89, 191-92, 194

Logocentrism, 190

Lyotard, Jean Franҫois, 191

McTaggert, J. M. E., 119

Man ≈ Sign, x, 97-98, 131, 146, 155, 174, 221n. See also Cosmos ≈ Sign ≈ Mind; Mind-matter

Margenau, Henry: Universal Mind, 179-80

Mark of distinction, 11, 18. See also Cuts; Nothingness; Spencer-Brown

Maturana, Umberto, x, 11, 60, 120, 143. See also Maturana and Varela; Varela; Auto-poiesis

Maturana and Varela: third order stage of development, 175-78; first, second, and third order autonomous entities, 166-68

Matte Blanco, Ignacio, 143, 181, 221n

Mediacy, xi, 96, 157; of consciousness, 6-7, 51-52, 143, 150, 208n. See also Consciousness

Meinongian objects, 2

Micro-macro levels, 65, 118-19, 121, 128-29, 136

Mind-matter, 112, 132-35, 155, 219n; everything is mind, 131ff; matter is effete and enfolded mind, 46-48; minds spread, 46

Minkowski, Hermann, 12-13

Minkowski “block” universe, 24, 34, 64, 93, 116, 179; Lorentz transformation, 94; and McTaggert on time, 103-104

Mirror of nature, 7. See also Ocular metaphor; Rorty

Möbius strip, 77-78, 93

Moiré effect, 142, 220n

Monad, 2, 4, 13, 17, 32, 44, 58, 128, 145, 152, 172; quantum interconnectedness, 32; related to dyad and triad, 1

Monism-pluralism, 15

Need: social, 108-11. See also Demand; Desire

Negation, 184, 186, 191

Negentropy, 120

Newmann, John von, 60

Newton, Isaac, 157

Newtonian mechanics, 3

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 8, 21, 76, 146, 216-17n

Nominalism, 9

Nonlinearity-linearity, 61-62, 119-20

Nontranslatability: of language, 16-17

Nootemporality, 13, 17, 131, 167. See also Atemporality; Biotemporality; Eotemporality; Prototemporality

Nothingness, x-xi, 2, 5, 77, 184-86, 189, 195-97, 222-23n. See also Cuts; Mark of distinction

Objective idealism, 13, 80-81, 98, 102, 112-13, 131, 134, 216n. See also Mind-matter; Pragmatic maxim

Objective-subjective perspective, 20

Observer-observed relation, 45

Ocular metaphor, 7. See also Mirror of nature; Rorty

One-many, x, 1, 142

Other: physical, social, and other self, 24-27, 100-101, 140, 176-77. See also Self; Dialogic

Paradox: arithmetical, 8, 164-66; hotel, 211n; liar, 86; product of act of mind, 39; Tristram Shandy, 40; Zeno: Achilles, 6, 11, 14, 43; arrow, 14, 39, 52; of motion, 49-51; stadium, 14

Parmenides, 119, 122, 128-29, 173, 186, 218n; and Heraclitus, 15

Participatory universe, x

Pattee, Howard, 65

Peirce, Charles S., ix-xi; absolute being, 134-35; annihilation of personal identity, 175; anti-Cartesianism, 7-8, 25-27, 132; antinominalism, 172-75; cosmology, 111-14, 124-25; critique of by Hartshorne, 8-10, 36-39; economy of research, 147; evolution of the universe, 222n; indeterminacy, 193; Kanticity and Aristotelicity, 44; Kantianism, 82-83; Man’s glassy essence, 67-68, 156; mathematics pervaded his thought, 41-42, 81; perfusion of signs, 96; process, 57-58; psychophysical-ism, 126; quality, 127; refutation, regarding Popper, 220n; self-correction, 207n; self-I complementarity, 141; semiosic fabric, 191; space, nature of, 14; time, direction of, 13-14; as one-dimensional hyperbolic continuum, 14; time-space, 14; triadicity, 76-101, 191; uncertainty of classical mechanics, 218n. See also Abduction; Asymptote; Book of assertions; Community; Consciousness; Continuity; Continuity-discontinuity; Convergence; Cosmos ≈ Sign ≈ Mind; Cuts; Dialogic; Existential graphs; Firstness; Generality; Habit; Hylopathy; Icon; Index; Interpretant; Law; Man ≈ Sign; Mediacy; Mind-matter; Monad; Objective idealism; Possibilia; Representation; Semiosis; Semiotically real; Symbols; Thirdness; Vagueness

Phase entanglement, 32, 45-46; and phase locking, 87-88

Physics of chaos, xi, 61, 118, 213n

Piaget, Jean, 49, 163

Planck, Max, 39

Plato, 67, 76, 201, 222n

Poincaré, Henri, 124

Polanyi, Michael, 108. See also Tacit knowing

Popper, Karl, 16, 21, 81, 86, 135, 146-47; Worlds 1, 2, and 3, 96, 216n

Possibilia, 14-16, 44, 64, 66, 82-83, 112; and actuality, I, 38

Potentia, 36-39, 41

Pragmatic maxim, 23, 81, 95, 187, 193

Pribram, Karl, 46-47, 212n. See also Hologram, 54

Prigogine, Ilya, x, 59-60, 65, 88, 111, 113, 119-20, 121-22, 129, 180; dissipative structures, 120; far-from-equilibrium conditions, 120, 128; fluctuations, 120; new uncertainty principle, 128

Principle of noncontradiction, 21

Process: and form, 137-40; and becoming, 26, 57-58

Prototemporality, 17, 87, 91, 119. See also Atemporality; Biotemporality; Eotemporality; Nootemporality

Quantum: events, 56-57; interconnectedness, 31-32, 46, 107; theory and Bohm’s interpretation, 36; theory and discontinuous space, 14; theory and relativity, 31-32, 45. See also Copenhagen

Quaternions, 94

Quine, Willard van Orman, 67, 158, 214n

Regularity, 19

Representation, 95-99, 123-24, 150, 210n

Res extensa, res cogitans, 133

Rescher, Nicholas, 216n

Rochberg-Halton, Eugene, 170

Rorty, Richard, 158, 191, 207n, 214n, 222n; critique of Peirce, 67-68

Rotman, Brian, 196

Ruelle, David, 115, 117

Russell, Bertrand, 40, 81-82, 148, 163-64. See also Logical types

Saussure, Ferdinand, 62, 76, 136, 219n

Schizoanalysis, 62-66, 86-91

Schlegel, Richard, 106, 109

Schrödinger, Irwin, xi, 39, 112, 129, 132, 148-49, 155, 157, 159, 168-70, 171-72, 178, 181-82, 218n, 222n; arithmetical paradox, 164-66, 179-81; “cat” Gedanken experiment, 126-27

Secondness. See Firstness

Selective-nonselective domains, 5, 8, 10-11, 20, 33, 36, 40, 44, 83, 104, 127, 161, 219n

Self, 97; and ego, 25-27; and other, 28-29, 100-101, 155-57. See also Other

Semiology, 62-63

Semiosis, xi-xii, 18-21, 23-24, 28, 44, 57, 73-74, 77-78, 81, 90, 94-95, 107, 114, 121, 126, 177-78, 187, 191, 195, 198

Semiostate, 106-108

Semiosystem, 121

Semiotically real: in contrast to actually real, x, 2-3, 23, 25, 27, 49, 74, 80, 83, 87, 93-95, 98, 100-101, 106, 110-11, 117, 121, 128, 145, 148, 159, 205-206, 207n, 209-ion, 216-17n, 220n; as “mind-stuff,” 102. See also Semiosis

Series: dense, nondense, denumerable, nondenumerable, 40

Sheffer: “stroke” function, 43, 84, 86, 89, 196, 215n; compared to Peirce, 223n

Sheldrake, Rupert, 59; Peircean habit related to morphic fields, 212-13n

Sherrington, Charles, 179-80

Software-hardware: cognitive studies, 139, 218n

Spencer-Brown, G., 8, 53, 80, 84, 132-33, 135-36, 140, 144, 160, 176, 183; imaginary values, 189, 192-94, 203; Peirce’s existential graphs, 199-200. See also Mark of distinction

Split-brain phenomenon, 76, 163

Strange attractors, 115-18

Sunyata, 135-36, 142, 186, 222n

Superposition, 91

Symbols, 66-68; growth of, 80-81, 86. See also Index; Icon

Symmetry-asymmetry, x, 83-86, 126, 178-79, 201-204

Symmetry breaking, 120, 128, 119-20

Synchronic-diachronic, 60-65, 139-40

Synergetics, 59

Tacit knowing, 73, 108

Tao, 21-22, 141, 175-76

Theoretical long run, x. See also Asymptote; Convergence

Thirdness, xi, 1, 73. See also Firstness

Thom, René, 60, 119

Time’s arrow, 85, 92, 129

Triad: relation to monad and dyad, 1. See also Firstness

Tursman, Richard, 123-26; constraints on Peirce’s metaphysics, 114-22

Uexküll, Jakob von, 17. See also Umwelt

Umwelt, 17-18, 24, 74, 111, 148, 152, 164, 167, 169

Uncertainty principle, 16, 37

Undivided wholeness, 32. See also Bohm

Unfolded. See Enfolded

Universe: as mind, 7

Vagueness, x, 1, 5, 19-23, 68, 95, 98, 101, 122, 129, 131, 145, 150, 205-206; and inconsistency, 82-83, 87, 118-19, 156, 178-79. See also Generality

Vaingerian “as if’ hypostats, 2

Varela, Francisco, x, 11, 60, 120, 143, 145, 222n; dialectical middle way, 168; form-process, 137-40. See also Maturana; Maturana and Varela

Volition: relative to feeling and cognition, 25-27

Waddington, Conrad H., 59

Wave-particle, 45

Weyl, Hermann, 12. See also Block universe; Minkowski “block” universe

Wheeler, John Archibald, x, 18, 93, 103, 113, 122, 127, 149, 183-84, 210-11n, 212n; 0 = 0, 126, 128; meaning physics, 105, 144-45, 220n; self-excited universe, 189

Whitehead, Alfred North, 9, 11, 33, 52, 56, 112, 173, 178, 221n

Whitehead and Russell: Principia Mathematical 187-89

Whorf, Benjamin Lee: linguistic relativity hypothesis, 16, 152, 208-209n, 221n

Wiener, Norbert, 64

Wigner, Eugene, 143, 145, 160, 208n

Wilden, Anthony, 191

Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 67, 146, 158, 181, 190, 194, 207n; seeing -seeing as, 187

World-line, 93, 116, 129, 179. See also Block universe; Minkowski “block” universe

Xenophanes, 21

Yin/Yang complementarity, 29

Zeno, x, 142; converging series, 56. See also Paradox; Convergence

Zero: concept of, 195