INDEX    

Ablesimov, Alexander, 61, 80

Abramtsevo, 134-35, 237-38, 252nn2,3

Academy of Arts (Saint Petersburg), xivff, 32, 88ff, 93, 95-96, 98ff, 115, 116, 121ff, 126, 128ff, 140-42, 156ff, 162, 168, 175, 195, 197ff, 205ff, 223, 247

Academy of Sciences, 6, 247

Accademia di San Luca, 123, 147

Admiralty (Saint Petersburg), 97, 177-78, 180-81, 199

Agin, Aleksandr A., 157, 224, 230

Aivazovsky, Ivan K., 103, 121

Aksakov, Constantine, 13, 14, 19, 25n9

Aksakov, Ivan, 19

Aksakov, Sergei, 65, 80

Alberti, Leon Battista, 174

Al’brekht, Karl I., 123

Alekseeva, Mariia I. (Trofimova), 126

Alexander I, and reign of, ix, xii, xviii, 9ff, 16ff, 88, 107, 118, 120-21, 122, 215, 219; architecture under, 89, 97, 175, 177; and art, 91, 97, 105, 109

Alexander II, and reign of, 4, 25n9, 29, 163, 167, 205, 231; “Great Reforms,” 17, 21-22

Alexander III, 107

Alexander Column, 208

Alexander Theater, 97, 177-78

Aliab’ev, Alexander, 65ff, 80, 84n8

Anna, Empress, 58

Annenkov, P., 138n33, 153, 169m

Antokolsky, Mark, 206

Araja, Francesco, 58-59

Arapov, Pimen N., 65, 80

Architecture, Russian, xvi, 88-89, 172-93

Arkin, D., 192

Arnold, Matthew, 42, 51

Arzamas, 102, 131

Association of Traveling Art Exhibits (Peredvizhniki), 164, 165-67, 168

Astaritta, Gennaro, 59

Babel, Isaac, 51, 56n45

Bakhmetiev, N. A., 217

Bakhtin, M. M., 50, 56n42

Bakst, Lev, 231

Bakunin, Mikhail A., 14, 15, 18, 19ff

Balakirev, M. A., xiii, 69

Ballets Russes. See Diaghilev Balzac, Honoré de, 36

Bartoldi, F., 69

Bashilov, Mikhail, 230

Basin, Petr V., 123

Bassi, Gianbattista, 143, 151n10

Batiushkov, Konstantin Nikolaevich, 31-33, 39nn12, 16, 117

Bazhenov, Vasilii, 175, 178

Beerbohm, Max, 40, 42, 53m, 231

Beethoven, Ludwig van, 61, 74, 84n15

Beletskaia, E. A., 192

Belinsky, Vissarion, 4, 5, 15ff, 18, 20, 23, 25n14, 27, 32-36, 39nn14, 21, 47, 78ff, 113, 127, 154-57, 160, 169

Belyi, Andrei, 38

Benois, Alexandre N., 100, 132, 136, 137n, 139nn48,55, 192n14, 231

Berezovsky, Maxim, 62, 80

Berlin, Isaiah, 44

Bernardsky, Evstafii, 157, 230

Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, A., 68, 69, 81

Bibikov, Gavril, 81

Biddle, Nicholas, 174

“Biedermeier,” 90, 98, 122

Bilibin, Ivan, 231

Bingham, George, 131

Blake, William, 128

Blok, Aleksandr A., 133

Blue Rose group, 133

Böhm, Franz, 65

Boieldieu, F. A., 88

Bolshoi Theater, 65, 96, 184, 185

Borisov-Musatov, Viktor E., 128

Borovikovsky, Vladimir, 103, 114, 117, 130, 138n10, 141, 224

Bortniansky, Dmitry, 61, 62, 63, 71, 73, 81.

Boullée, Louis-Etienne, 173, 191n2

Bourse, 173, 177-78, 181

Bove, Osip, 175, 184, 186, 189, 205

Bowlt, John E., viii, xv, xviii, 33, 113, 139n53, 165, 221, 252n2, 255

Briullov, Alexander, 218

Briullov, Karl, xv, xvi, 81, 87, 91, 97, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 114, 116, 117, 120, 122, 123, 125-26, 127, 136, 146, 151n12, 210n32, 226; The Last Day of Pompeii, 33, 80, 116, 119, 122, 129, 156

Brotherhood of Cyril and Methodius, 16

Brown, Malcolm H., viii, xiii, 57, 255

Bruni, Fedor, 93, 106, 116, 117, 123

Brunov, N. I., 192

Budylina, M., 192

Bulatov, Colonel Alexander, 10

Bulgarin, Fedor, 158

Bulwer-Lytton, 125-26

Bunin, A. V., 192

Buslaev, Fedor, 160-61, 169

Butashevich-Petrashevsky, M., 16, 18

Cameron, Charles, 196, 202

Camuccini, Vincenzo, 123, 141

Capri, 145

Caravaggio, 115, 117

Caricature, xi, xviii, 138n20, 221-36

Catherine the Great, and reign of, x, 6, 7, 9, 16, 18, 34, 98, 99, 121, 122, 194, 196, 208n2; and the Academy, 115; architecture under, 175-78; and the Enlightenment, 60

Cavos, Catterino, 64, 65

Chaadaev, Petr, 12-13, 19, 80, 81, 155

Chaplygin, Trofim, 248

Chekalevsky, Petr, 110n26, 197ff, 204

Chekhov, Anton, xiii, 41, 45, 46, 51-52, 54n17, 56n46

Chernetsov, Grigorii G., 103, 123

Chernyshevsky, Nicholas G., 4, 20, 43, 54n15, 132, 149, 159, 165

Chesky, Ivan, 223

Chizhov, Matvei, 206

Choiseul-Gouffier, Comte de, 115

Classicism, Neoclassicism: in architecture, xvii, 105, 107, 172-93; in art, xvi, 90, 93, 107-108, 124; in sculpture, 194210

Commission for the Building of Saint Petersburg and Moscow, 176-77

Corelli, Arcangelo, 58

Corot, Camille, 145

Corps of Transport Engineers, 65

Correggio, 115, 117

Crimean War, 19, 21, 27, 230

Cui, Cesar, 205

Dahl, Johann Christian, 145, 151n1o Dal’, Vladimir, 230

D’Alembert, Jean le Rond, 198

Dargomyzhsky, Alexander, 70, 81

Daumier, Honoré, 134

David, Jacques-Louis, 88, 121, 123, 141, 196, 199, 209n24

Davydov, Evgenii, 123

Davydov, Stepan, 64, 65, 81

Dawe, George, 121

Decembrists, 9-12, 18, 21, 23, 68, 90, 117, 122, 126, 200, 229

Delacroix, Eugene, 104, 125, 146

Delaroche, Paul, 146, 161

Della Francesca, Piero, 128 Delo, 162, 165, 167, 171n35

Delvig, Baron Anton A., 68, 81, 124

Demidov, Count Anatolii, 125, 143

Demut-Malinovsky, Vasilii, 205

Denisov, Aleksandr G., 144, 151n7

Derzhavin, G. R., 7, 8, 37

Diaghilev, Sergei P., 135, 231

Diderot, 115, 197-98, 2o8n4 Digest 0f Laws, 106

Dobroliubov, N. A., 4, 20, 132, 160

Dobuzhinsky, Mstislav, 231

Donskoi, Dmitrii, 105

Dostoevsky, Fedor M., xiii, 4, 19ff, 28, 30, 40-41, 45-46, 50, 52, 53n5, 54n17, 56n39, 104, 111n50, 127, 132, 158, 165, 230

Doyen, Gabriel François, 123, 129

Dubiansky, F., 63, 81

Du Bos, Charles, 52

Dušek, Jan, 65

Egorov, Alexei E., 88, 116

Egorov, Iu. A., 192

Egypt, 121, 172

Eikhenbaum, Boris, 50, 56nn41,43

Elizabeth, Empress, 58, 60, 115, 214

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 95

England, English, 5, 7, 89, 141, 145, 158, 172-74

Enlightenment, Neo-Enlightenment, xi-xii, 6-9, 11, 15, 17-20, 60, 115-16, 141 173

European artists in Russia, 211, 214

“Exposition of Russian Manufactures,” 94

Fabergé, 212, 215, 218

Fanger, Donald, xiii, 40, 54n16, 255

Fedorov-Davydov, A. A., 110n3o, 192, 209n61

Fedotov, Pavel A., xvi, 101, 103, 129ff, 136, 154, 157-58, 161, 230, 234

Field, John, 62, 65, 74, 76

Figner, Vera, 168, 171n40

Filaret (Metropolitan of Moscow), 29

Florence, 126, 198

Fomin, Evstignei, 61, 81

Fonvizin, D. I., 7, 8, 32

Fourier, Fourierism, 16, 19, 20

France, French, 5, 100, 115-16, 120-21, 140, 156, 198; influence on Russian architecture, 105, 172; influence on Russian art, xvi, 88, 117, 125, 130; influence on Russian music, 59, 60, 65; language, ix, 6; as object of caricature, 229; Revolution, 9, 88, 118; Russian artists in France, 162

Francis Gardner Porcelain Factory, 94

Free Society of Lovers of Literature, the Sciences and the Arts (Saint Petersburg), 118, 203, 210n28

Gagarin, Grigorii G., 123, 126

Gagarin, Prince I. A., 201

Gagarin, Prince N. S., 188

Galaktianov, Stepan, 223

Gal’berg (Galberg), Samuil L, 188, 123, 200-201, 204, 206, 209-19

Galich, Aleksandr L, 119

Gallery of 1812, 121

Galuppi, Baldassare, 59, 88

Garshin, Vsevolod, 168, 170n29, 171n40

Gavarni, 134

Ge, Nikolai N., 133, 160, 163, 168

Genishta, Osip, 68, 81

Gerard, François, 124, 126

Géricault, Jean Louis, 124, 125

Germany, German, 4, 26, 100, 142; architecture, 173; idealistic philosophy, 11, 12, 14, 15, 20; influence on Russian art, 89, 94, 125, 128, 222; musicians, 58; Nazarenes, 89, 127, 147, 151nn7, 16; romanticism, 117, 119

Gigante, Giacinto, 148

Gillet, Nicolas, 198, 201-202

Ginsburg, Semen, 82

Giotto, 127, 128

Girodet, 124

Glinka, Mikhail, xiii, 57, 61, 64, 67, 71, 78-79, 81, 87, 98, 106, 122

Gogol, Nikolai V., xiii, 26-27, 31, 37, 38n2, 44-46, 48-50, 52, 54nn17, 19, 55n29, 50n42, 79-81, 84n26, 101, 107, 122, 125ff, 138n31, 149, 152n19, 154, 156, 166, 170n3, 207, 209n35, 230, 232-34

Golitsyn, Dmitrii, 197

Golitsyn, Prince Nikolai, 74, 81, 84n15, 209n26

Golovin, Aleksandr, 135

Goncharov, Ivan A., 46, 51

Goncharova, Natalia, 238

Gordeev, Fedor, 194, 197

Gorky, Maxim, 52

Goya, Francisco José de, 104

Granet, François Marius, 130, 143-44, 145, 147, I50n5

Granovsky, T. N., 15-16, 23

Graphic arts, xi, xviii, 89, 221-22

Greece, Greek, xvi, 121, 172, 173, 200

Griboedov, Aleksandr S., 32, 65, 81, 98, 230

Griboedov Canal, 37

Grigor’ev, Afanasii, 175, 184, 187

Grigoriev, Apollon, 30, 73, 81

Grigorovich, Vasilii, 119

Grimm, G. G., 115, 192

Gros, Baron Antoine Jean, 124, 126

Gukovsky, G. A., 47

GUM, 185

Hackert, Phillip, 142-43

Haessler, Johann W., 62

Haimson, Leopold, 23-24, 25n19

Hambs, Heinrich, 94

Hamilton, Gavin, 196

Hamilton, George Heard, 192

Hastie, William, 180-81, 191n8

Hayez, Francisco, 146, 151n12

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 15, 21

Hennequin, Emile, 40-41, 53n2

Hermitage, the (Saint Petersburg), 89, 93, 96, 100, 130, 208n2

Herzen, Alexander, 15-17, 20, 33-34. 39n19, 113, 127, 128, 138n32, 139n38, 157

Hilton, Alison, xviii-xix, 237, 255

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 190

Hoffmann, E. T. A., 32

Hogarth, William, 157, 158, 224

Hübner, Johann, 58

Hume, David, 11

Iakubovich, Captain Alexander, 10

Iberian Peninsula, 9

Icons, xvii, xix, 135; icon painters, 102, 103, 106

Imperial Chapel Choir, 71, 73

Imperial Court Opera, 58

Imperial Glass Factory, 217, 247

Imperial patronage, xvi, xvii, 99-101

Imperial Porcelain Factory, 215-16, 219, 247

Imperial Theaters Directorate (Moscow), 65, 67, 70-72, 73

Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique, 116, 122, 124

Intelligentsia, xi-xii, 3-25, 43-44; and the arts, x-xi, xiv-xvi, 153-71; caricatured,. 231; origins of, 3-19 Istoricheskii vestnik, 168

Italian Pavilion, 197

Italy, Italian, 100; architecture, in Moscow, 29; art, 117; influence on Russian art, x, xiv, xvi, 88, 122, 222; music, 58, 60, 62; Russian artists in, xvii, 88-89, 117, 122-27, 140-52, 194-96, 202

Ivanov, Alexander, xv, xvi, 89, 93, 99, 101, 103, 104, 106, 111n50, 113, 116, 117, 120, 122ff, I26ff, 136, I37n7, 147-49, 156, 160, 225, 227

Ivanov, Andrei, 118, 126, 225

Ivanov, Anton, 206

Ivanov, Arkhip, 195

James, Henry, 52

Jefferson, Thomas, 197

Johnston, Charles, 47, 55n31 Journal of Fine Arts, 96, 118

Kachenovsky, Mikhail, 118

Kaluga, 97, 176

Kamensky, Fedor, 106, 136, 205

Kandinsky, Vasilii, 136, 139n53

Kanoshenkin, G., 248

Kant, Immanuel, 46

Kantemir, A., 7

Karamzin, Nikolai, 90, 105, 108, 109n9, 117, 119

Kashin, Daniil, 76-77, 78, 81

Katenin, Pavel, 68, 81

Katkov, Mikhail N., 22

Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg), 97, 103, 105, 177-78, 181, 199, 204

Kazakov, Matvei, 175, 185, 188-89

Kennedy, Janet, xvii, 91, 194, 255

Kerzelli, J., 61

Khandoshkin, Ivan, 62, 63, 81

Kharkov University, 95

Khmelnitsky, Nikolai, 65, 68, 81

Khomiakov, A. S., 13, 14, 19, 30, 156

Khrapunov, N. S., 94

Kiparisova, A. A., 193

Kiprensky, Orest A., xv, xvi, 116, 117, 119-20, 122, 123-25, 129, 137, 138n25, 141, 226

Klentze, Leo von, 173

Klimchenko, Konstantin, 205

Klodt, Petr, 205

Knipper, Karl, 60

Kohl, J. G., 96, 110n28, 111n51

Kol’tsov, Alexei, 73, 75-76, 81

Kornilov, M. S., 94, 216

Korolenko, V. G., 44, 54n18, 168, 171n40

Korovin, Konstantin A., 133, 135

Kostroma, 97, 114, 176

Kozlovsky, Mikhail, 194, 196, 198-99

Kozłowski, Józef, 62, 63

Kramskoi, Ivan N., 131, 132, 154, 164-67

Krasnopolsky, Nikolai, 64, 81

Krendovsky, Evgraf F., xv, 101, 129, 251

Kreuger, Franz, 89, 122

Krylov, Ivan, 7, 68, 81, 205

Krylov, Mikhail, 201

Kuchelbecker, Wilhelm, 119

Kuindzhi, Arkhip, 134

Kukol’nik, Nestor V., 117, 118, 119, 136, I37n8, 138n17, 139n54, 156

Kuznetsov Porcelain Combine, 216

Langhans, Karl, 173

Lapidary Works, 218, 247

Latrobe, Benjamin, 173

Lavedan, Pierre, 174, 191nn3, 4

Lawrence, D. H., 41

Ledoux, Claude-Nicholas, 89, 109n4, 173

Lermontov, Mikhail, xiii, 46, 49-50, 56n41, 122, 135, 233, 236n16

Leskov, N. S., 46, 51

Levitan, Isaak I., 133

Levitsky, Dmitrii G., 114, 118, 224

Levitsky, Grigorii, 222 Library for Reading, 95

Lieven, Prince A. K., 104

Literature, Russian, x, xii, 7, 32, 40-56, 156

Locatelli, Giovanni Battista, 60

Loganovsky, Alexander, 206

Lomonosov, Mikhail, 7, 35

Lorrain, Claude, 117, 142, 143, 144

Losenko, Anton, 209n13, 224

Lotman, Iu. M., 48, 55n23, 56n37 Lubok (lubki), 93, 222, 225, 226-27, 239, 248, 249, 253n8

Lukomskii, G. K., 110n33, 191n9

L’vov, Nikolai A., and Práč, Jan Bogumir, 61, 68, 78, 81, 84n17, 118

Lyall, Robert, 186

Maddox, Michael, 60

Maikov, Vasily, 61, 81, 158

Malevich, Kazimir S., 136, 238

Maliutin, Sergei V., 135

Maly Theater (Moscow), 72

Mamontov family, 92, 134, 135, 139n50, 237, 252n2

Manezh, 186

Manfredini, Vincenzo, 59, 88

Mann, Thomas, 42, 51, 56n45

Martos, Ivan P., xvii, 91, 109n10, 118, 194, 195, 197. 201-204, 205, 208, 210n24

Masaccio (Tommaso Guidi), 127

Masons, masonry, 99, 117-18, 138n10

Matveev, Fedor M., xvi, 103, 123, 14243, I50n2

Maurer, Ludwig, 65

Maximovich, Mikhail, 68, 81, 84n8

Meissen, factory, 215-16

Melgunov, Nikolai, 78, 81

Mengs, Anton Raphael, 115, 119, 122, 141, 202

Mikhailov, A. I., 193

Mikhailovich, Aleksei, 31

Mikhailovsky Palace, 177-78

Miller, Johann Gottfreid, 65, 67

Minardi, Tommaso, 147, I51nn15, 17

Minin and Pozharsky, 29, 91, 112n55

Moller, Fedor A., 117, 123, 126, 137n7

Monas, Sidney, viii, xii, 26, 255

Montferrand, Auguste, 89, 183

Montferrand, Richard de, 121

Morozov family, 92, 135

Moscow, X, xii, 26-39, 74. 92, 127, 168, 212; architecture of, 172-93; fire of 1812, 27, 29, 97, 175; and music, 58ff, 65ff, 75, 88; and Saint Petersburg, xii, 26-39, 71, 93, 114

Moscow Art Class, 131

Moscow Institute of Painting and Sculpture, 131

Moscow Nature Class, 131

Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture, 102, 161 Moscow Telegraph, 95

Muscovy, 5, 6, 30, 32, 93, 177, 213

Music, Russian, xiii-xiv, 57-84, 106

Mussorgsky, Modest, xiii, 132

Muther, Richard, 136, 137n

Nabokov, Vladimir, 49

Nadezhdin, Nikolai, 91, 109n11

Naples, 142, 145, 148

Napoleon, 31, 36, 88, 173; Napoleonic Wars, xviii, 10, 67, 87, 94, 153, 200, 239; as object of caricature, xviii, 120, 121, 225-29 Narodnost’ 20, 155

Nationality, nationalism, 90, 105-106, 108, 154-155, 157, 159, 160-69; in art, xvii, 89, 90, 122, 134, 135, 237-53; in literature, 42; in music, 57-80, 122

Nazarenes. See German Nazarenes Nesterov, Mikhail V., 133

Nesterov, V. V., 38n9, 135

Neva, 30, 33, 175, 194

Nevsky Prospect, 37, 175, 178

Nicholas I, and reign of, xviii, 10-11, 13, 16-17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 27, 69, 106, 109, 112nn56, 59, 115, 122, 126, 157, 205, 207, 213, 219; architecture under, 89, 97; and an, 90, 91, 97ff, 104-105, 107, 111nn37, 41, 123, 128

Nicholas II, 218

Nihilism, 20-21

Nikitenko, Alexander, 16, 25n11

Nikolaev, E. V., 76, 193

Nizhnii Novgorod, 92

Novalis, 119, 125

Novikov, Nikolai, 7

Novosiltsev, N., 18

Odoevsky, Prince Vladimir F., 20, 65, 68, 79, 81, 84n25, 107, 111n36, 118

Odessa, 92, 176

“Official Nationality,” 13, 18, 71, 105108, 112n55, 154

Ogarev, Nikolai, 160

Old Believers, 28, 93

Olenin, Aleksei N., 101, 104, 116, 118, 121, 123

Orlov, Count Vladimir, 74, 81, 145

Orlovsky, Boris, 118, 200-201, 204, 208, 224, 226, 235n3, 249 “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality.” See “Official Nationality”

Oshchepkov, G. D., 193

Ostankino Palace, 246

Ostrovsky, Aleksandr, 30, 32, 39n15, 66, 81

Otechestvennye zapiski, 162

Overbeck, Johann, 89, 122, 127, 147, I51nn15, 16

Pacini, Giovanni, 125

Painting, Russian, 87ff, 113-52

Paisaello, Giovanni, 59, 88

Palizzi, Filippo, 149

Palschau, Johann G. W., 62

Panaev, Ivan, 230

Panin, N. I., 202

Parmigianino, 125

Paul I, 9, 88

Pavlov, Michael, 19-20

Pavlovsk, 182, 196, 197, 199, 208, 247

Pavlovsky Barracks, 177-78 Peredvizhniki. See Association of Traveling Art Exhibits

Perov, Vasilii G., xvi, 132, 154, 161, 162

Perovskaia, Sofia, 168

Perovsky, Aleksei A., 126

Pestel, Pavel, 9

Peter the Great, x, xii, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 15, 34, 36, 37, 57-58, 168, 169, 194, 211, 213, 214, 239; caricatured, 222; patron of the arts, 114; reforms of, 16, 22, 35, 37; and Saint Petersburg, 32-33, 113, 175

Peterhof, 100, 183, 199

Peter-Paul Fortress, 37, 177

Petras hevsky. See Butashevich-Petrashevsky, M.

Petrashevtsy, 18, 20, 157

Petrov, A. N., 193

Piek, A., K., 94

Piliavskii, V. I., 193

Pimenov, Nikolai, 205, 206, 207

Pinelli, Bartolomeo, 149

Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, 173

Pisarev, A. A., 20, 110n26, 132, 160

Pitloo, Antonio von, 145, 146, 151

Piakhov, Lavr K., 144-45, 151n8, 251

Plekhanov, G. N., 8-9, 2 5n7

Pnin, Ivan, 99, 106, 111nn35, 58, 118, 138n11

Pobedonostev, Konstantin, 4, 22

Poe, Edgar Allan, 31

Pogodin, Mikhail, 158

Poland, Polish, 17, 67

Polenov, Vasilii D., 134-35

Polenova, Elena D., 135, 237-38, 252m Polievktov, M. M., 100, 11 1nn37, 39, 41

Polovoi, Nikolai A., 106, 124

Popov, A. G., 94, 216

Popov, Mikhail, 59, 61, 81

Poussin, 115, 117, 125ff, 142, 144, 156

Pritchett, V. S., 52-53, 56n50

Project Plan of the Capital City of Moscow, 180

Pushkin, Alexander, xiii, 6, 29, 31, 35, 37, 45, 46-49, 51-52, 55nn29-36, 65, 68, 79, 81, 84n27, 87, 97, 99, 107-108, 11on32, 121ff, 129, 155, 157, 200, 205-206, 208, 224, 230, 233

Quarenghi, 88, 175, 178, 182

Rachette, Dominique, 196, 209n9

Radishchev, Alexander N., 18

Raeff, Marc, 25, 170n3

Raev, Vasilii A., 248

Raphael, 115, 117, 119, 125ff, 147

Rastrelli, 88, 175, 177, 182

Raupach, Hermann, 59

Razumovsky, Count Andrei, 88

Réau, Louis, mn43, 121, 138n21

Rebell, Josef, 143, 151n1o Red Square, 29

Rembrandt, 114, 123, 130

Repin, Il’ia, 108, 132-34, 135, 139n49, 154, 165-66, 170n28, I71n33, 248, 254n22

Rerikh, Nikolai K., 135

Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 114, 141, 226

Riabushinsky family, 92

Riasanovsky, Nicholas V., xv, 3, 23, 38n10, 112n6o, 255

Riesener, Henri, 121

Rinaldi, 88

Robert, Hubert, 130

Roentgen, David, 94

Rokotov, Fedor, 114, 224

Rome, Roman, xvi, 99, 115, 120, 122, 126, 142, 148, 152n19, 156, 172, 194, 195, 198

Roosevelt, Priscilla Reynolds, 25

Rossi, Karl Ivanovich, 98, 100, 177-78, 182-83

Rossini, 61

Rostopchin, Count, 29, 96

Rostov, 37

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 18, 61

Rovinsky, Dmitrii, 221

Rubens, 114, 117, 119, 123, 130

Rumiantsev, Count N. P., 99

Rupin, Ivan A., 76, 77-78, 81

Russian (language), 6; “Group of Lovers of the Russian Word,” xvi, 89

Russian Orthodoxy, xix, 4, 13, 15, 29-30, 33, 112n58, 161, 194, 205; and art, 106, 108, 113; Christian pietism, 90, 108; and music, xiii, 57, 63

Russo-Turkish War, 230

Sadovnikov, Vasilii, 248

Saint Basil’s, 33

Saint Isaac’s Cathedral, 89, 97, 103, 121, 190, 207, 218

Saint Petersburg, x, xii, xvi, 7, 9, 10, 26-39, 57. 92, 108, 126, 130, 162, 213-14; architecture of, 29, 89, 100, 172-93; art in, 88, 97, 149; compared to Moscow, xii, 26-39, 71. 114; music in, 58, 59, 60, 64, 65, 8n15, 88

Saint Petersburg Circle of Lovers of Fine Russian Editions, 221, 235 Saint Petersburg Journal, 99, 118

Saint Petersburg University, 95, 103

Saint Vladimir’s (Kiev), 95

Saltykov, Mikhail, 46, 160, 163

Samarin, Iurii, 30

Sarti, Giuseppe, 59, 61, 74, 77

Schaffer, Paul, xvii, 93, 211, 255

Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von, 18, 19, 21, 95, 125

Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von, 95

Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 89, 100, 173

Schlegel, August Wilhelm von, 95, 119, 125

Schmidt, Albert, xvi-xvii, 172, 193, 255

Scott, Sir Walter, 67

Sculpture, Russian, xvi-xvii, 90, 194-210

Senate Square, 10, 24

Senate and Synod (buildings), 97, 177, 178

Serfs, 5, 14, 91ff, 96, 103, 144; as craftsmen and artists, xviii, xix, 92, 104, 129, 215, 238, 245-49; emancipation of, xviii, 21, 22, 239; as musicians, 59-60, 65, 67, 74, 76

Sergei, Johann Tobias, 196, 199

Serov, Valentin A., 133

Sevastopol, 176

Shakhovskoy, Prince Alexander, 64, 65, 81

Shchedrin, Fedosii, 151n9, 194, 198-99

Shchedrin, Silvestr F., xvi, 89, 103, 116, 123, 145-46, 151n11, 199-200

Shchedrovsky, Ignatii S., 251

Shcherbov, Pavel E., 231

Shebuev, Vladimir, 88

Shedd, Julia A., 202, 209n25

Sheremetev, Count Nikolai, 60, 81, 115, 197, 246

Shevchenko, Taras, 101

Shishkin, Ivan I., 131, 133

Shishkov, A. S., 89

Shkvarikov, V., 193

Shubin, Fedor, 202, 210n26

Shuvalov, I. L, 115, 202

Siberia, 20, 68, 168, 212

Slaviansky, Fedor M., 129, 248

Slavophiles, xii, 13-14, 18, 19, 20, 37, 65, 67, 69, 71, 106, 122, 156, 158, 159, 161 ; and art, 156, 158; and Moscow, xii, xvi, 29-30, 33-34; and Westernizers, 14-15, 33, 80, 89

Smirke, Robert, 173

Smolensk, 91

Snegirev, V., 193

Soane, John, 173

Society for the Encouragement of Artists, 99, 122, 128

Society of the Lovers of Wisdom, 12, 20, 78

Society of Traveling Exhibitions (the “Wanderers”), 92, 101, 132-34

Sokolov, Petr, 204

Sokolovsky, Mikhail, 61, 81

Soldatenkov, K. T., 93

Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, xii, 37, 39n31, 44

Somov, Konstantin A., 136

Sontag, Susan, 28, 38n8

Soroka, Grigorii, xv, 92, 101, 116, 129, 131, I39n40, 144, 250

Sorrento, 145 Sovremennik, 157, 158

Sparrow Hills, 104, 121

Speransky, Mikhail, 10, 18

Stalin, Joseph, xvii, 190

Starr, S. Frederick, viii, xiv, 87, 111n38, 191n13, 192n14, 256

Starov, Ivan, 175, 177

Stasov, Vladimir V., xvi, 133, 165-66, 169, I70n30, I71n34, 177-78, 252nn3, 4

Stavasser, Petr, 205

Stavrou, Theofanis George, vii, ixff, 256

Stepanov, Nikolai, 230

Sternin, G. Iu., 91, 112n57

Stock Exchange (Saint Petersburg), 97, 180

Strekoza, 232

Strauss, David, 128

Strickland, William, 174

Stregano v, A. A. 101

Stupin, A. V., 102, 111n45

Sully, Thomas, 144

Sumarokov, Alexander, 7, 59, 81

Surikov, Vasilii I., 133, 134, 154, 168-69

Sytin, P. V., 193

Taganrog, 176

Tatlin, Vladimir E., 136

Tauride Palace, 177

Taylor, Joshua, viii, xiv, xvi, 88, 140, 255

Tchaikovsky, Peter I., xiii, 57, 108 Telescope, 95

Tenisheva, Princess Mariia K., 134, 135, I39n50, 231

Teplov, G., 63, 81

Terebenev, Ivan I, 118, 119, 120, 195, 205, 227-28, 235n8

Theater, Russian, 106

Thomon, Thomas de, 89, 173, 177-78, 180, 199

Thorvaldsen, Bertel, 123, 200-201, 202

Timofeev, Alexei, 73, 81

Titian, 117, 125, 127

Titov, Alexei, 64, 81

Titov, Nikolai, 72, 81, 84n11

Tiutchev, Fedor Ivanovich, 98

Tkachev, Petr, 163, 170n25

Tolstoi, Fedor P., Count, 118, 121, 129, 200, 204, 209n17, 217

Tolstoi, Leo, xiii, 41, 42, 45-46, 50-51, 52, 53, 53n5, 54n17, 55n22, 56n45, 132, 230

Tomilov, A. R., 118-19, 123, 124, I38n14

Ton, Konstantin A., 100, 106, 112n56, 121, 123

Townley, Charles, 196

Traetta, Tommaso, 59

Tretiakov Gallery, 250

Tretiakov, Pavel M., 93, 133

Tropinin, Vasilii A., 116, 129, 130, 131, 139n42, 248-49

Trotsky, Leon, 44, 54n18

Trubetskoi, Prince Serge, 10

Trutovsky, Vasily, 60-62, 68, 78, 81

Tsarskoe Selo, 59, 196, 199, 202, 206, 208, 247

Tsyganov, Nikolai, 72, 73, 81

Tula, 176

Turgenev, Ivan, 45, 46, 51, 54n17, 55n29, 56n46, 107, 112n61, 127, 128, 137n9, 138nn33,39

Tverskoi, A. M., 193

Tyranov, Aleksei V., 123

Turner, J. M. W., 145, 149

Uffizi Gallery, 124

Ugruimov, Grigorii I., 123

University of Kazan, 95

University of Moscow, 6, 15, 17, 30-31, 35

Urusov, Prince P. V., 60, 81

Uvarov, Count Sergei, 43, 105, 106, 107

Valkenier, Elizabeth Kridl, xv, 111n49, 132, 137n, I39n49. 153, 254nn21, 23, 256

Varlamov, Alexander, 70-76, 82, 84nn10, 14

Vasari, Giorgio, 122

Vasilevsky, I. S., 177-78

Vasilenko, V. M., 245, 253n7, 254n14

Vasnetsov, Apollinarii M., 133, 134

Vasnetsov, Viktor M., 133, 135, 238

Velikii Ustiug, 212-13, 219 Vekhi, 4

Venevitinov, Dmitrii, 207, 209n35

Venetsianov, Aleksei, xv, 101-102, 103, 111n44, 114, 115, 120, 121, 129, 130-32, 136, 139n44, 144-45, I51nn7, 8, 227, 228, 232, 249-51, 254n26

Vengerov, Semyon Afanas’evich, 42, 54n9

Venice, 145-47

Vereshchagin, Vasilii V., 133, 221, 226, 234m, 235n9

Verstovsky, Alexei, 65ff, 70, 72, 82

Verstovsky, Vasily, 65 Vestnik Europy, 118 Viatka, 176

Viazemsky, Prince Petr, 55n29, 117, 137n9

Vielgorsky, Count Mikhail, 68, 82

Vien, Joseph-Marie, 196, 202, 209nn9, 24

Vitalii, Ivan P., 90, 109n1o, 205, 208n3

Vitberg, Aleksandr L., 104, 111n49, 121

Voglie, Vicomte Melchior de, 41, 43, 53nn5, 6, 54n14

Volkonskaia, Princess Zinaida, 122, 149

Volkonsky, Prince Pyotr, 59, 82

Vol’man, Boris, 82m, 83n7, 84nn9, 10

Von Weber, Carl Maria, 67, 106

Vorobiev, Maksim, 106, 123

Voronikhin, Andrei N., 118, 177, 178, 181

Voronov, V. S., 245, 253nn6, 11

Vorontsov, Count Alexander, 60, 80

Vrangel, N., 111n45, 118, 137nn13, 14, 22,27, 209nn9, 24, 221, 234m Vrubel, Mikhail A., 128, 135, 139n51

Vsevolozhsky, Nikita, 65, 68, 82

“Wanderers.” See Society of Traveling Exhibitions

Weddel, William, 196

West, Benjamin, 141

Western influence, ix, x, xiv, xvi, xvii, 5, 13-15. 17, 21-22, 30, 41, 57, 116; on Russian architecture, xvii, 33, 88-89, 172-93; on Russian art, 88-94, 97, 105, 108, 113-15, 122, 131, 140-52, 157, I94ff, 238; on Russian music, 60, 62, 63, 88

Westernizers, xii, 14-15, 19, 20, 22, 23, 27, 156-57, 159, 167, 169, 211; and Saint Petersburg, xii, 33; and Slavophiles, 14-15, 33, 80, 89

Wilson, Edmund, 41

Winkelmann, Johann Joachim, 95, 119, 122, 141, 173, 196, 197, 200

Winter Palace, 121, 157, 175, 177, 178, 182, 218

Witte, Sergei, 4

Woolf, Virginia, 41-42, 54n7, 55n28

World of Art Society, 133, 135, 136, 231-32

Yakobi, Valerii, 132

Yakunchikova, Mariia V., 135

Yvon, Adolphe, 121, 128

Zagoskin, Mikhail, 65, 66, 67, 82

Zakharov, A. D., 177-78, 181

Zamoskvorech’e (Moscow), 29, 30, 31, 179

Zarianko, Sergei, 248

Zelentsov, Kapiton A., 129, 249

Zemskii Sobor, 13

Zhandr, Andrei, 68, 82

Zhukovsky, Vasily, 66, 68, 82, 125, 200

Zombe, S. A., 193

Zubova, Natal’ia, 129