PRIMARY SOURCES (LISTED BY TITLE)

The following sources were used for this study. In each category the reader is directed to references that show the relationship between the source and Chinp’ingmei.

I. Texts of Chin p’ing mei

Reference: Hanan, “The Text of the Chinp’ingmei.”

Chinp’ingmeitz’u-hua. Hsiao-hsiao sheng (pseud.) (fl.?-ca. 1610). 5 vols. Tokyo: Dai An, 1963. Facsimile of the earliest extant complete edition of Chinp’ingmei, with three prefaces, one of which is dated 1618. In Hanan’s classification, this is the A. 1 edition. See Hanan, “Text,” pp.2-3.

Chinp’ingmeitz’u-hua. Ed. Wei Tzu-yün. 3 vols. Taipei: Tseng-ni-chih wen-hua shih-yeh you-hsien kung-ssu, 1982. Modern typeset edition of the A. 1 text.

Liang-chungChu-p’op’ing-tien-penho-k’ant’ien-hsiati-ich’i-shuChinp’ingmei . Ed. with commentary by Chang Chu-p’o (fl.ca. 1650-1700). 8 vols. Hong Kong: Hui-wen-ko shu-tien, 1975. Contains two facsimiles of Chinp’ingmei edited by Chang Chu-p’o. They contain his interlinear commentary, commentaries on individual chapters, and Chang’s long essay Chinp’ingmeitu-fa , a translation of which by David Roy is cited below. In Hanan’s classification, Chang’s is a C edition. See Hanan, “Text,” pp.10-11.

II. The Novel (Shui-hu chuan)

Reference: Hanan, “Sources of the Chinp’ingmei,” pp.25-32.

Shui-huch’üanchuan . Ed. Cheng Chen-to . 4 vols. Hong Kong: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1958. Variorum edition with critical introduction by Cheng Chen-to.

III. TheVernacularShortStory(hua-pen)

Reference: Hanan, “Sources of the Chinp’ingmei,” pp.32-43.

Ching-pent’ung-suhsiao-shuo . Shanghai, 1954. A collection based on Feng Meng-lung’s Ching-shiht’ung-yen and Hsing-shihheng-yen.

Ch’ing-p’ing-shant’anghua-pen . Ed. T’an Cheng-pi. Shanghai, 1957. This is the commonly available edition of Hung P’ian’s sixteenth-century collection Liu-shih-chiahsiao-shuo .

Ching-shiht’ung-yen . Comp. Feng Meng-lung (1574-1646). Ed. Yang Chia-lo . Taipei: Ting-wen shu-chü, 1974.

Hsing-shihheng-yen . Comp. Feng Meng-lung. Ed. Li T’ien-yi . 3 vols. Taipei: Shih-chieh shu-chü, 1973. Facsimile of Ming edition.

Ku-chinhsiao-shuo . Comp. Feng Meng-lung. Ed. Yang Chia-lo. Taipei: Ting-wen shu-chü, 1974.

Lung-t’ukung-an . Kuei-wen t’ang edition, 1821.

IV. TheClassical-languageShortStory

References: Hanan, “Sources of the Chinp’ingmei,” pp.43-47; and Carlitz, TheRhetoricofChinp’ingmei, Chapter 7, n.6.

Chien-tenghsin-huawaierh-chung . Ed. Chou I . Shanghai: Ku-tien wen-hsüeh ch’u-pan she, 1957.

Ju-ichünchuan . Kyoto: Seikabō, colophon dated 1880.

V. Drama

References: Carlitz, “The Role of Drama,” pp.385-514, for synopses of plays alluded to in Chinp’ingmei; Fu Hsi-hua, Ming-taich’uan-ch’ich’uan-mu, Ming-taitsa-chüch’üan-mu, and Yüan-taitsa-chüch’üan-mu, for extant editions of plays alluded to in Chinp’ingmei; and Hanan, “Sources of the Chinp’ingmei,” pp.49-55.

A. CollectionsofDrama

Ku-chintsa-chühsüan . Comp. Hsi-chi-tzu (pseud.) (fl. 1598). The Ch’ing bibliographic work Hui-k’oshu-mu lists thirty Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü as having been originally contained in this work, of which only incomplete editions are extant. An extant fragment in the Peking Library, with Hsi-chi-tzu’s preface dated 1598, contains twenty-five plays. Fifteen plays from this collection are extant in the Mo-wang-kuan collection cited below, which is reproduced in facsimile in KPHC, Fourth Series. KPHC, Fourth Series, also reproduces facsimile editions of eleven other plays listed in Hui-k’oshu-mu as having been contained in the original Ku-chintsa-chühsüan. The remaining four plays listed for this collection are no longer extant. For a discussion of this collection, See Lo Chin-t’ang, Chung-kuohsi-ch’ütsung-muhui-pien, pp.67-68, 142-143.

Ku-ming-chiatsa-chü . The longest extant fragment of this collection is contained in the Mo-wang-kuan collection cited below. One of the plays in this fragment is dated 1588, indicating that this collection antedates the Ku-chintsa-chühsüan. Peking Library also possesses two other fragments of this work, containing respectively five and eight plays. Eighteen plays originally from this collection are also contained in Yüan-Mingtsa-chü, cited below. Though Hui-k’oshu-mu lists a total of sixty Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü for this work and its continuation Hsin-hsüku-ming-chiatsa-chü , additional plays found in the Mo-wang-kuan fragment suggest that this work must have contained a total of at least seventy-eight plays. See Lo Chin-t’ang, Chung-kuohsi-ch’ütsung-muhui-pien, pp.65-67. It appears that the Ming figure Ch’en Yü-chiao (1544-1611) was involved in editing this collection. See Goodrich and Fang, DictionaryofMingBiography, p.190. There are three sources which, taken together, reproduce all extant plays from this collection:

a. The Mo-wang-kuan collection.

b. KPHC, Fourth Series, fourth collection, reproduces ten more Ku-ming-chiatsa-chü plays listed in Hui-k’oshu-mu but not found in the Mo-wang-kuan collection.

c. Yüan-Mingtsa-chü.

Ku-penhsi-ch’üts’ung-k’an . Comp. Ku-pen hsi-ch’ü ts’ung-k’an pien-chi wei-yüan hui . First Series. 124 vols. in 12 cases. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1954. Facsimiles of rare editions of hsi-wen and ch’uan-ch’i.

Ku-penhsi-ch’üts’ung-k’an. Fourth Series. 120 vols. in 17 cases. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1958. Facsimiles of rare editions of Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü.

Ku-penYüan-Mingtsa-chü . Ed. Wang Chi-lieh . 32 vols. in 3 cases. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1941. Collection of 144 rare editions of Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü from the Mo-wang-kuan collection. First volume contains Wang’s annotations on the plays.

Liu-shihchungch’ü . Comp. Mao Chin (1599-1654). 12 vols. Taipei: K’ai-ming shu-tien, 1970. Late Ming editions of 59 ch’uan-ch’i, and a late Ming edition of Wang Shih-fu’s Hsi-hsiangchi. Comparison of these editions with extant earlier editions often shows substantial revision.

MingCh’eng-huashuo-ch’angtz’u-huats’ung-k’anshih-liuchungfuPai-t’uchii-chung . Ed. Shang-hai-shih wen-wu pao-kuan wei-yüan-hui . Shanghai: Shanghai Museum, 1973. This collection, unearthed during archeological excavations in 1967, contains prosimetric tales from the Ch’eng-hua era (1465-1488), as well as the earliest extant version of the play Pai-t’uchi. Facsimile with illustrations.

Mo-wang-kuanch’ao-chiaoku-chintsa-chü . Comp. Chao Ch’i-mei (late 16th-early 17th c.). A collection of fiction and drama, containing Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü drawn from the collections Ku-chintsa-chühsüan and Ku-ming-chiatsa-chü, and from private collections. Originally consisting of over 200 manuscripts and woodblock editions, this collection passed through several hands, including those of the noted Ch’ing bibliophile Ch’ien Tseng (1629-1699+), before it came into the possession of the Peking Library. This collection is reproduced in full in KPHC, Fourth Series.

She-mo-t’a-shihch’ü-ts’ung Comp. Wu Mei . Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1928. Rare editions of tsa-chü and ch’uan-ch’i from Wu Mei’s collection.

Shui-huhsi-ch’üchi . Comp. Fu Hsi-hua . 2 vols. Shanghai: Ku-tien wen-hsüeh ch’u-pan she, 1956. A collection of plays treating the Shui-hu tales. Vol.1 contains tsa-chü; vol.2 contains ch’uan-ch’i.

Sung-Yüanhsi-wenchi-i . Comp. Ch’ien Nan-yang . Shanghai: Ku-tien wen-hsüeh ch’u-pan she, 1956. A collection of extant fragments of early nan-hsi plays.

Yüan-ch’ühsüan . Comp. Tsang Mao-hsün (ca. 1553-ca. 1621). 4 vols. Taipei: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1966. A collection of 100 Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü. These late Ming editions show extensive revision when compared with extant Yüan or earlier Ming editions. Nevertheless, since extant Yüan editions preserve only arias, Yüan-ch’ühsüan is often the only source of a comprehensible version. Further, Yüan-ch’ühsüan preserves many tsa-chü extant nowhere else.

Yüan-ch’ühsüanwai-pien . Comp. Sui Shu-sen . 3 vols. Taipei: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1967. A collection of all extant Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü not contained in Yüan-ch’ühsüan. The 63 plays are reproduced in their earliest extant editions.

Yüan-k’antsa-chüsan-shihchung . Reproduced in facsimile in KPHC, Fourth Series, and in a modern typeset edition edited by Cheng Ch’ien , entitled Chiao-tingYüan-k’antsa-chüsan-shihchung . Taipei: Shih-chieh shu-chü, 1962. These 30 Yüan plays are the only extant Yüan editions of tsa-chü. For the most part, they contain only the texts of arias.

Yüan-Mingtsa-chü . Peking: Chung-kuo hsi-chü ch’u-pan she, 1958. This collection reproduces in facsimile 27 Yüan and early Ming tsa-chü from the Pa-ch’ien-chüan lou collection of a Mr. Ting of Ch’ien-t’ang . Eighteen of these plays are also in the Ku-ming-chiatsa-chü collection, and the other 9 are from unknown collections. The original collection had no title, and was first published in its present form by the Nan-ching kuo-hsüeh t’u-shu-kuan in 1929.

B. IndividualPlaysQuotedorNamedinChinp’ingmei

1. Tsa-chü

An-tuCh’en-ts’ang . Anonymous (14th c.). Ku-penYüan-Mingtsa-chü, dated 1615.

Chao-shihku-erh . Chi Chün-hsiang, (13th c.). Yüan-k’antsa-chüsan-shihchung; YCH.

Chin-t’ungYü-nü . Chia Chung-ming (1343-1422). Ku-ming-chia tsa-chü edition of 1617, contained in Mo-wang-kuan collection under the title ChinAn-shou ; YCH, titled ChinAn-shou.

Chu-ch’uangyü . Shih Tzu-chang (13th c.). This play is not extant, but the songbook Tz’u-linchai-yen preserves some arias, which are collected in Chao Ching-shen, Yüan-jentsa-chükou-ch’en, pp.45-47.

Hsi-hsiangchi . Wang Shih-fu (fl. 1295-1307). Edited by Wang Chi-ssu . Hong Kong: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1960. This edition takes as its basic text the Nuan-hung-shih edition of Ling Meng-ch’u (1580-1644), which dates from the T’ien-ch’i era (1621-1628).

Liang-shihyin-yüan . Ch’iao Chi (d.1345). Ku-chintsa-chühsüan; Ku-ming-chiatsa-chü edn. included in Yüan-Mingtsa-chü; YCH.

Liu-hsiehchi . Anonymous (early 14th c.). Ku-chintsa-chühsüan edn. contained in Mo-wang-kuan collection; YCH.

Liuhung-yeh . pai P’u (1226-1312). This play is not extant, but arias from it have been collected by Chao Ching-shen in Yüan-jentsa-chükou-ch’en, pp.6-13.

Lung-hufeng-yünhui . Lo Kuan-chung (fl.ca.1350-1400). Ku-ming-chiatsa-chü edn. contained in Mo-wang-kuan collection, reprinted in Yüan-ch’uhsüanwai-pien.

Pan-yehch’ao-yüan . Chu Yu-tun (1379-1439). She-mo-t’a-shihch’u-ts’ung.

Paochuang-ho . Anonymous (Hung-chih era, 1488-1506). YCH. Although Paochuang-ho is listed by Fu Hsi-hua as a Yüan work (Yüan-taitsa-chü, p.287), Yen Tun-i argues convincingly that it must date from the Hung-chih era. See Yüan-chuchen-i, pp.303-317.

Sha-kouch’üan-fu . Anonymous (Yüan). YCH. While Fu Hsi-hua classifies this play as an anonymous work (Yüan-taitsa-chü, p.298), Chou I-pai and Aoki Masaru both attribute it to the Yüan playwright Hsiao Te-hsiang , about whom, however, they give no detailed information. See Chou I-pai, Chung-kuohsi-chüshih, p.349; and Aoki Masaru, Chung-kuochin-shihhsi-ch’üshih, p.114.

Sheng-hsienhui . Lu Chin-chih . (Ming). Lu’s dates are not known, but he is recorded as having been a friend of the dramatist Chia Chung-ming (1343-1422). This play is not extant, but arias from it are collected in Chao Ching-shen, Yüan-jentsa-chükou-ch’en, pp.128-129.

T’a-hsüehhsün-mei . Chu Yu-tun (1379-1439). She-mo-t’a-shihch’u-ts’ung; Ku-chintsa-chühsüan. In certain traditional bibliographies, this play is attributed to the Yüan playwright Ma Chih-yüan . Yen Tun-i discusses evidence that invalidates this attribution in Yüan-ch’üchen-i, pp.548-553.

2. Ch’uan-ch’i

Hsiang-nang chi . Shao Ts’an (fl. 1470). KPHC, First Series, facsimile of Wan-li Chi-chih chai edn.; LSCC.

Huan-tai chi . Shen Ts’ai (late 15th-early 16th c.). KPHC, First Series, facsimile of Wan-li Shih-te t’ang edn.; LSCC.

Nan Hsi-hsiang chi . Li Jih-hua (Chia-ching era, 1522-1567, or earlier). KPHC, First Series, facsimile of Wan-li Fu-ch’un-t’ang edn.; LSCC.

Pai-t’u chi . Anonymous (late Yüan). MCH; LSCC; KPHC, First Series, facsimile of Wan-li Fu-ch’un-t’ang edn. Chou I-pai, Chung-kuohsi-chüshih, pp.338-344, argues convincingly that in this case the LSCC edition probably represents an earlier version of the play, and the Fu-ch’un-t’ang edition is probably the work of an unknown Ming author treating the same traditional tale. The MCH edition is not treated here by Chou; it is the earliest extant edition, and its similarity to the LSCC edition suggests that the LSCC edition precedes the Fu-ch’un-t’ang edition.

Pao-chien chi . Li K’ai-hsien (1501-1568). Shui-huhsi-ch’üchi, II, 3-98. The only extant edition, dated 1549, also contained in facsimile in KPHC, First Series.

P’i-p’a chi . Kao Ming (ca.1305-1368+). Ed. Ch’ien Nan-yang. Shanghai: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1965. Based on a Ch’ing manuscript of T’ao I-tien . Despite its late date this manuscript obviously follows early sources, since it is more faithful to what is known of late Yüan usage than are the many extant Ming editions of P’i-p’achi.

Shuang-chungchi . Yao Mao-liang (15th c.). KPHC, First Series, facsimile of a Wan-li Fu-ch’un-t’ang edition. In some sources Yao is said to have flourished ca.1475, but this is on the basis of an ascription of the play Chin-wanchi to him. Fu Hsi-hua shows this ascription to be unreliable, but catalogues this play as an early Ming work.

Ssu-chieh chi . Shen Ts’ai (late 15th-early 16th c.). This play is not extant, though Fu Hsi-hua lists songbooks in which texts of the arias are preserved (Ming-taich’uan-ch’ich’üan-mu, p.21). Huang Wen-yang’s Ch’ü-haitsung-mut’i-yao, pp.834-845, summarizes the plot. The play is divided into four sections, one for each season, and it is the winter episode that is alluded to in Chapter 76 of Chinp’ingmei. In Chung-kuochin-shihhsi-chüshih, p.126, Aoki Masaru suggests that this section of the ch’uan-ch’i may draw on the, tsa-chüT’aohsiu-shihtsuihsieh, Feng-kuanghao , by the Yüan playwright Tai Shan-fu , contained in YCH under the title Feng-kuanghao.

Ts’ai-lou chi . Ed. Huang Shang . Shanghai: Ku-tien wen-hsüeh ch’u-pan she, 1956. This is an annotated edition of the only extant version of Ts’ai-louchi, the Ch’ing nei-fuch’ao-pen . A facsimile of this edition is also included in KPHC, Second Series. Fu Hsi-hua accepts an attribution of Ts’ai-louchi to Wang Ling (16th c.), though Huang Shang feels that Ts’ai-louchi is simply a reworking of the hsi-wenP’o-yaochi by anonymous performers. Huang Shang dates Ts’ai-louchi as a Wan-li production, since selections from it replace selections from P’o-yaochi in anthologies after the Wan-li period. See Huang, ed., Ts’ai-louchi, p. 74. It is significant that Chinp’ingmei, known to have been in print by 1618, quotes from Ts’ai-louchi and not from the extant P’o-yaochi. Ts’ai-louchi must therefore have been completed at least by the time of composition of Chinp’ingmei.

Yü-huanchi . Anonymous (mid-Ming). KPHC, First Series, facsimile of Wan-li Shen-yü-kuan edn.; LSCC. The earliest extant editions of Yü-huanchi date from the Wan-li era (1573-1620), and Fu Hsi-hua considers it a mid-Ming work. The LSCC version shows considerable revision.

VI. Song

References: Hanan, “Sources of the Chinp’ingmei,” pp.55-63; and Roy, David, unpublished index of all songs in Chinp’ingmei with their sources in Ming songbooks.

Ch’üan-Yüansan-ch’ü . Comp. Sui Shu-sen. 2 vols. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1964. Contains Yüan hsiao-ling (vol.1) and t’ao-shu (vol.2), with variorum readings and brief biographies of authors.

Hsin-piennan-chiu-kungtz’u . Taipei: Shih-chieh shu-chü, 1967. Facsimile of a Ming edition dating from the Lung-ch’ing era (1567-1573) or early Wan-li era (1573-1620). Only the studio-name of the compiler, San-ching ts’ao-t’ang, , is known. Contains hsiao-ling and t’ao-shu in Southern modes, many extant only in this collection. No songs dating from later than the Lung-ch’ing era are included, and this seems to be the earliest extant anthology of Southern songs.

Nan-peikung-tz’uchi . Comp. Ch’en So-wen (fl. 1573-1620). 4 vols. Edited by Chao Ching-shen. Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1959. This work brings together two separate Wan-li collections of Ch’en So-wen’s, his Nankung-tz’uchi (vols.1 and 2), and Peikung-tz’uchi (vols. 3 and 4). Both collections contain songs by Yüan and Ming authors.

Sheng-shihhsin-sheng . Peking: Wen-hsüeh ku-chi k’an-hsing she, 1955. Facsimile of Ming edition dated 1517. This anonymous work is one of the richest extant sources of Yüan and Ming san-ch’ü and dramatic songs.

T’ai-hocheng-yinp’u . Chu Ch’üan . In LCCC, III, pp.1-231. The earliest extant edition of this work has a preface by Chu Ch’üan dated 1398. Contains critical discussion of drama and song, and a collection of Northern songs with tones marked.

Tz’u-linchai-yen . Comp. Chang Lu (fl. 1522-1567). 2 vols. Peking: Wen-hsüeh ku-chi k’an-hsing she, 1955. Facsimile of Chia-ching edn. dated 1525, the earliest extant edition. Contains Yüan and Ming san-ch’ü and songs drawn from drama. This collection is of particular importance in that itcontains san-ch’ü to tunes of the Chia-ching era as well as earlier tunes.

Wu-saoho-pien . Comp. Chang Ch’i (late 16th-early 17th c.). Taipei: Commercial Press, 1966. Facsimile of Ming Ch’ung-chen era (1628-1644) Pai-hsüeh chai edn. This collecion of Ming san-ch’ü, the work of Chang Ch’i and his younger brother Chang Hsü-ch’u , combines three earlier Wu-sao collections produced during the Wan-li era by Chang Ch’i in collaboration with others.

Yüan-jenhsiao-lingchi . Comp. Ch’en Nai-ch’ien . Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1962. This modern collection reproduces extant Yüan hsiao-ling from all extant sources.

Yüeh-fuch’ün-chu . Ed. Lu Ch’ien . Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1955. This anonymous late Yüan or early Ming work is cited in Ch’ing bibliographies. Lu has collected and edited extant manuscripts.

Yung-hsiyüeh-fu . Comp. Kuo Hsün (1475-1542). 20 vols. in 2 cases. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1934. Facsimile of earliest extant edition, with preface dated 1566. Important source for songs from Ming drama.

VII. Pao-chüan

References: Hanan, “Sources of the Chinp’ingmei,” pp.63-65. Sawada Mizuhō, “Kimpeibai shiwa no hōkan ni tsuite.” Sawada’s article is based primarily on pao-chüan in his own collection, but the following texts can also be consulted.

Chin-kangk’o-i . In HsüTsang-ching, vol.129.

HsüTsang-ching . Hong Kong, 1946. Reprint of DaiNihonZokuzōkyō, Kyoto, 1905-1912.

Huang-meipao-chüan . Microfilm. Academia Sinica, Taiwan. Available in Cornell University library, #R-69529, No.11.

Hung-lopao-chüan . Microfilm. Academia Sinica, Taiwan. Available in Cornell University library, #R-69529, No.23.

REFERENCE WORKS (LISTED BY AUTHOR)

Aoki Masaru . Chung-k-uochin-shihhsi-ch’üshih . Ed and trans. Wang Ku-lu . 2 vols. Peking: Tso-chia ch’u-pan she, 1955.

Berling, Judith. “Religion and Popular Culture: The Management of Moral Capital in TheRomanceoftheThreeTeachings.” In PopularCultureinLateImperialChina: DiversityandIntegration. Ed. Johnson, David; Nathan, Andrew J., and Rawski, Evelyn S. Berkeley: University of California Press, forthcoming.

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Bishop, John L. “A Colloquial Short Story in the Novel Chinp’ingmei.” HJAS 17 (1954), 394-402.

Booth, Wayne C. The Rhetoric of Fiction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961.

Brokaw, Cynthia. “Determining One’s Own Fate: The Ledgers of Merit and Demerit in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century China.” Diss. Harvard, 1984.

Busch, Heinrich. “The Tung-lin Academy and its Political and Philosophical Significance.” MonumentaSerica, 14 (1949-1955), 1-162.

Carlitz, Katherine. “Allusion to Drama in the Chinp’ingmei.” Ming Studies, No.6 (Spring 1978), pp.30-35.

----------. “The Conclusion of the Jin ping mei.” Ming Studies, No.10 (Spring 1980), pp.23-29.

----------. “Puns and Puzzles in Chinp’ingmei: A Look at Chapter 27.” T’oung Pao, 67 (1981), 216-239.

----------. “The Role of Drama in the Chin p’ingmei.” Diss. University of Chicago, 1978.

Chan, Wing-tsit, ed. and trans. InstructionsforPracticalLivingandOtherNeo-ConfucianWritingsbyWangYang-ming. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.

----------., ed. and trans. ReflectionsonThingsatHand:TheNeo-ConfucianAnthologyCompiledbyChuHsiandLüTsu-ch’ien. New York: Columbia University Press, 1967.

Chang Chih-kung . Ch’uan-t’ungyü-wenwen-fachiao-yüch’u’-t’an . Shanghai: Chiao-yü ch’u-pan she, 1962.

Chang, K’ang-i Sun. “Songs in the Chinp’ingmeitz’u-hua.” Chinese Language Teachers’ Association Panel, American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages Convention, Chicago, 24 November, 1978.

Chao Ching-shen . “T’an Ming Ch’eng-hua k’an-pen shuo-ch’ang tz’u-hua .” Wen-wu, 11 (1972), 19-24.

----------. YüanMingnan-hsik’ao-lüeh . Peking: Tso-chia ch’u-pan she, 1958.

----------. Yüan-jentsa-chükou-ch’en . Shanghai: Ku-tien wen-hsüeh ch’u-pan she, 1956.

Ch’en Ju-heng . Shuo-shushih-hua . Peking: Tso-chia ch’u-pan she, 1958.

Ch’en Li-li. MasterTung’sWesternChamberRomance(Tung Hsi-hsiangChu-kungtiao):AChineseChantefable. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

Chen Te-hsiu . Ta-hsüehyen-i . 2 vols. Chung-kuo tzu-hsüeh ming-chu chi-ch’eng, No.13. Taipei: Chung-kuo tzu-hsüeh ming-chu chi-ch’eng pien-hsiu wei-yüan-hui, 1977.

Cheng Chen-to . Chung-kuosu-wen-hsüehshih . 2 vols. 2nd ed. 1938; rpt. Peking: Wen-hsüeh ku-chi k’an-hsing she, 1959.

Ch’ien Nan-yang . Hsi-wenkai-lun . Shanghai: Shanghai ku-chi ch’u-pan she, 1981.

----------. Sung-Yüanhsi-wenchi-i . Shanghai: Ku-tien wen-hsueh ch’u-pan she, 1956.

----------, ed. Yung-lota-tienhsi-wensan-chungchiao-chu . Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1979.

Ch’iu Chün . Ta-hsüehyen-ipu . 64 vols. Taipei: Commercial Press, 1971. Facsimile of Ch’ing wen-yüan ko edn.

Chou I-pai . Chung-kuohsi-chüshih Shanghai: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1954.

Chung-kuo ku-tien hsi-ch’ü yen-chiu yüan , ed. Chung-kuoku-tienhsi-ch’ülun-chuchi-ch’eng . 10 vols. Peking: Chung-kuo hsi-chü ch’u-pan she, 1959-1960.

Crump, James, trans. “Wang Po yüan-pen.” Dodder, No.2 (January 1970), pp.31-34.

De Bary, Wm. Theodore. Neo-ConfucianOrthodoxy,andtheLearningoftheMind-and-Heart. New York: Columbia University Press, 1981.

----------, ed. SelfandSocietyinMingThought. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970.

----------, ed. TheUnfoldingofNeo-Confucianism. New York: Columbia University Press, 1975.

Dolby, William. AHistoryofChineseDrama. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1976.

Dreyer, Edward. EarlyMingChina:APoliticalHistory,1355-1535. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1982.

Egerton, Clement, trans. TheGoldenLotus. 4 vols. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1972.

Feng Meng-lung. Shan-ko . Ed. Kuan Te-tung . Peking: Chung-hua shu-chü, 1962.

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